CBM 8-Bit Magazine Index: Commodore World

THE NEWS MAGASING FOR COMMODORE SY & 128 USERS * ISSUE 25 1 S495 U.S.

TAKE A SPIN WITH
WHEELS 128 - THIS
GEOS UPGRADE
ISN'T ‘JUST FOR THE
64’ ANYMORE

VISIT THE SWRAP
CHICAGO EXPO

SOFTWARE REVIEW:
GODOT - IMAGE
EDITING SOFTWARE HOT HARDWARE HACK:
FOR THE C-64 HOW TO INSTALL A
STANDARD DRIVE
PPSWPATCH: ACCESS MECHANISM IN YOUR
SUPERRAM IN BASIC COMMODORE 1581

‘Harigating on the Met
Comequences of Vites! Reality

For more than vy Max ol ore

World|has empowered Gx 2 Bers =
by providing theYatest n A &
information’on i orld Cont odore #7

computing) ays staff of leading,
aan likewviau Be)Randalfiand r-

BPRIich hak
omitodore great! Subscribe

Please begin my subscription to Commodore World as soon as possible!
ubscriber Information Payment Information

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Back Issues:

Single i
issues $4.00

The New Standard in Modem Interfaces

High-Speed Support 7urbo232 keeps
up with today’s fastest modems,
offering speeds up to 230Kbps

Easy-to-use! Just plug Turbo232 into
your computer’s expansion port and
connect it to almost any external
RS-232'modem

SwiftLink Compatible Designed fo
work with programs written for the
popular Swiftlink cartridge

Easy Configuration A simple jumper
block lets you quickly change the
configuration for special situations

Null Transfers May be used as a null-
modem interface for direct transfers
with other computers

The quest for faster online access has made33,6Kbps modems
the new standard, and it won't be long before 57.6Kbps
ares move send the spotlight. CMD’s Turbo232 picks up
where SwiftLink left off, helping you keep pace with today’s
faster modems! 4

Turbo232

HIGH SPEED MODEM INTERFACE

Marctactred ae treed by Creative Mere Desig, Ie
Copyright © 1997 Creative Micro Designs,

US Robotics Sportster

¢33.6Kbps Faxmodem

¢ Upgradable to 56Kbps

¢ Compatible with geoFAX

¢ Perfect for use with Turbo232

Turbo232 $39.95,
Modem Cable $9,95
Turbo232/Novaterm 9.6 $65.00
USR Sportster 33.6Kbps Faxmodem $169.00
Turbo232/USR Sportster 33.6 $199.00
Turbo232/Sportster/Novaterm 9.6 $214.00

Note: Prices do not include shipping. Prices and specifications are subject to change
without notice. Not responsible for typographical errors.
Creative Micro Designs, Inc.
1-800-638-3263

COMMODORE

WORLD

‘THE NEWS MAGAZINE FOR COMMODORE 64 & 128 USERS

Aittp://www.emdweb.com/ewhome.html

Generat MANAGER
Charles R. Christianson
a4
Epiror
Doug Cotton
°
Apverrisinc Sates
Charles A. Christianson
(413) 525-0023
¢
Graptic Apts
Doug Cotton
°
Cover Design

Doug Cotton

Commodore™ and the respective Commodore product n

are trademarks or registered trademarks of Commodore, a
division of Tulip Computers. Commodore World |s in no way
affliated with the owner of the Commodore logo and technology.

Commodore World (ISSN 1078-2516) is published 8 times
annually by Creative Micro Designs, Inc,, 15 Benton Drive,
East Longmoadow MA 01028-0646. Second-Class Postago
Paid at East Longmeadow MA. (USPS #011-801)

Annual subscription rate is US$29.95 for U.S. addresses,
US$35.95 for Canada or Mexico, US$45.95 forall EC Countries,
andUS$57.95 to ll other addresses worldwide. Allsubscription
payments must be providedin U.S. Dollars. Mail subscriptions
to CW Subscriptions, c/o Creative Micro Designs, Inc.,. P.O.
Box 646, East Longmeadow MA 01028-0646,

Creative Micro
stherwise noted. No part! this
publication may be printed or otherwise reproduced by any
means without prior written consent from the publisher. All
programs published in this publication are for the personal use
of the reader, and may not be copied or in any way distributed.
All rights reserved. Programming examples and routines in
this issue which are presented tor educational purposes may
bbe used in the creation of programs by the purchaser of this
‘magazine, provided credit for the routines is clearly presented
in either the program documentation, or the program itself.
Creative Micro Designs, Inc., assumes no responsibility for
‘errors or omissions in editorial, program listings or advertising
content. Creative Micro Designs, Inc. assumes no liability for
advertisers claims or reliability,

POSTMASTER: Send address changes to: CW Address
Changes, c/o Creative Micro Designs, Inc., P.O. Box 646,
East Longmeadow MA 01028-0646.

. Oo. ch t 3

SmomURE Pub Suimenc aman acehima ORONO)

Feaarurnes
4 A Visit To THe SWRAP Cxicaco Expo

Jason Compton

6 Wheets 128-GUI Devine Power

Bruce Thomas

Reviews

18 Sortware: GoDor sy Jason Compton
s

Image Processing Software for the M

Cotcumns

10 dust For Starters sy JASON COMPTON
Dealing with Disk Drives & Copying Files
14 Grapnic INTERPRETATION BY Bruce THOMAS
GEOS Treasures Not Available From CMD
20 Haro Tips sy Doug Corton & Mark Feuows
Installing a Standard PC Mechanism in a Commodore 1581
22 Carrier Detect By Gaetyne R, Gasson
Getting More Out of Pine
28 816 Beat sy Douc Corton
24-bit Addressing for PEEK, POKE, SYS & WAIT

DeEeraRnTMeENTS

1. From tHe Evitor
2 ON The Horizon
27 CyeckSUM
32 Ctassirieo Aps
32 Aoverriser’s INDEX

FROM THE EDITOR

Hi. Yes, I'm down here! Okay, here we go—we've freed up some space in the rest of the
magazine. Sadly, since a couple of columns ran rather long, we were unable to bring
back a couple of other columns for this issue: BASIC Instincts and Assembly Line;
those columns will be given priority in our next issue, which is already in production.

You'll also notice that the text in On The Horizon gota bit small... we had even more
news items, but had to pass on some. If the size is a problem, please drop us a line and
let us know.

Meanwhile, I'm excited about some of the items in this issue; the 1581 modifications
(Hard Tips), the new BASIC extensions for the SuperCPU (816 Beat), and news about
the upcoming Concept SC assembler from Maurice Randall (On the Horizon). I hope
you'll share in that excitement.

One other thing bears mentioning. You'll notice on the CMD Specials page (p. 17)
in this issue that we're running a special price on the CMD 1750XL REU, but that the
price is good only for Commodore World subscribers. In future issues we'll be running
additional specials just for you, our faithful readers. It's our way of saying ‘Thanks!’.

Doug Cotton
Editor

COMMODORE AND COMPUTER INDUSTRY NEws

Inner Space Anthology Includes C128 Memory Maps
The Complete Commodore Inner Space Anthology is a collection of reference
material for Commodore computers. It contains no reading-just page after page
of charts and tables, including: command summaries for BASIC, COMAL, ML;
Jim Butterfield's memory maps for the PET, VIC20, C64, C128, and the 4040,
8050 and 1541 disk drives; machine language monitor commands; PALand CBM.
assembler commands and .opt directives; addresses of user callable ROM
suboutines; Jim Butterfield's “SuperCharts”; disk drive file header and sector
format information; SID chip note values; color codes, video chip data and video
memory maps; character and sprite design templates; hardware port pinouts and
transfer sequences; and IC chip pinouts, The book also contains several indirectly
related charts and tables

Originally printed in March 1985, asecond print run followed shortly afterward.
In August 1986 the film and plates were destroyed in a flood. The current version
of this book is made up of re-scanned and touched up pages from an original.
Prices for the book (including shipping) are: US $10.00 (US addresses) and Cdn
$15.00 (Canadian addresses). All others may contact the distributor.

Karl Hildon

4 Pollard Drive

Scarborough, Ontario, Canada
MIR4G4
karlh@shaw.wave.ca

LACC Annual Expo

The Lansing Area Commodore Club will be holding it’s annual Commodore
Expo on Saturday, May 1, 1999, from 10 AM to 4 PM at the Meridian
Township Service Center in Okemos, MI. For directions and further
information check out the Speed Zone BBS (517-322-2386) or Maurice
Randall’s website (http://people.delphi.com/arca93/). Slated for the show
is a demonstration of the new geoShell for Wheels,

Wheels 128 Released
Maurice Randall (Click Here Software) has begun shipments of Wheels 128,
the GEOS 128 upgrade that replaces the GEOS 128 Kernal, deskTop and other
assosciated utilities. The 128 version builds on the original Wheels 64, adding
80-column color to the Dashboard (the deskTop replacement) and providin,
a ‘Detail Shop’ where you can customize things like the colors and backgroun
pattern. Wheels 128 even includes a mouse pointer editor that will allow you
to customize the 80-column mouse pointer. Many other improvements and
enhancements were added to Wheels 128. So many, in fact, that Maurice has
also released a Wheels 64 update to bring this older version up to par with the
new 128 release.

Both Wheels 64 ($36.00) and Wheels 128 ($40.00) are presently available
dirctly from Maurice and CMD. For additional details about Wheels 128,
see the feature article elsewhere in this issue.

What a Concept!

Maurice Randall has also recently released Concept, an all-new programming
tool for Wheels 64 and Wheels 128. Concept is an assembler and linker
integrated into one program which runs in the Wheels 64 or Wheels 128
environment (in either 40- or 80-column mode). Concept loads entirely into
memory to make assembling and linking faster—all assembler and tinker
modules are loaded into memory at one time.

Concept installs itself as your default desktop while in use. This allows you to
launch geoWrite for source editing, then return directly to Concept toassembleand
link your code. Concept can be used to create anything from small GEOS or Wheels

rograms unto the largest of applications. In fact, Concept was used to create the
latest Wheels 64 upgrade.

In addition to this current release of Concept, Maurice has also announced that
heis working on an advanced version for the CMD SuperCPU, dubbed Concept SC.

COMMODORE WORLD

‘This version will require a SuperCPU running with Wheels 64 or Wheels 128 and
atleast 1 MB of SuperRAM (this requirement may beincreasedto4 MB by the time
project is completed) Concept SC will performall assembly and linking directly in
Tiemiory riot to welting any Bless . This will further speed development over the
current version which must interactively read and writesmall portions ofthesource
and destination (.rel) files in order to complete assembly. The linking process will
be enhanced in a similar manner.

Concept SC will also remove many of the limitations imposed by the current
system, Symbols and labels will no longer be limited to only the first 8 characters
being unique—all 20 characters will be checked. In addition, the number of
symbols will be more or less unlimited, depending on theamountof RAM available
i uperCPU.
nitial release of Concept SC is due out soon, and the program will gradually
evolve by adding new capabilities. One ability that has been announced istheability
to generate full 65816 code. Maurice has also indicated that Concept SC could
eventually develop into the main core of a more enhanced programming
environment.

Centipede Released to Public Domain

Adam Fanello of Bugsoft has announced that Centipede, a BBS program for
the Commodore 128, has been dropped as an active product line of Bugsoft.
The announcement came as a result of a hard drive failure that destroyed
Bugsoft's production method for the product. It was further stated that “the
lack of sales and a shortage of interest made reworking and rebuilding
unworthy of the time commitment.”

Centipede BBS, as well as its predecessor V128, are now a part of the
ublic domain, Fanello stated that users are “free to share Centipede with
their] friends” and “free to take pieces of Centipede and use them in [other]

programs. All parts of Centipede are now a part of Commodore public
nowledge. Enjoy.”

For additional information, users are directed to visit the Bugsoft website

(http://www. bugsoftware,com/centipede/free.html).

VideoCam Services Offers Telnet Service and New Book Pricing
VideoCam Services is pleased to announce new a new telnet service designed
specifically for Commodore users. In many areasin the US and around the world,
Commodore users are able to access the Internet locally, but have found a lack of
support from their Internet provide

By telneting to usea Commodore-friendly service, members can enjoy learning
about the Internet with friendly support and guidance. To cover expenses in
providing this service, a yearly membership fee of $30.00 Australian, (or $19.95
US if paying by US check) will be required.

Members are able to send and receive Email, access the World Wide Web with
Lynx (optimised for colour), use our CBM FTP site, read Commodore related
newsgroups (including local groups for members only), and have access to IRC
(Internet Relay Chat). Other utilities to enhance Commodore computing and
Internet use are also available.

VideoCam Services has also announced that “The Internet for Commodore
64/128 Users” manual is now available at a lower price. The new single price is
$29.95 Australian, or $19.95 US if paying by US check. Bulk order prices have also
been reduced.

For more information, contact Gaelyne or Rod Gasson (Email:
admin@videocam.net.au, Web: http://videocam.net.au, Phone: +61 8322-2716,
Fax: +61 8387-5810).

VideoCam Services
90 Hilliers Rd
Reynella SA 5161
Australia

®

Issue 25

CHECK OUT THE LATEST LOADSTAR!

First, what is LOADSTAR? We are a monthly disk-
magazine sold only through subscriptions. You will not find
us on the magazine stands. On each issue you will find
programs and articles, all RUNable and readable from our
LOADSTAR menu system. Most of the featured programs
automatically copy to other disks so you can run them on
their own disks.

Get Your Program Published!
Loadstar is always looking for good programmers. For
your well-written program, you'll receive cold, hard cash.
Where else can you get that?

ON LOADSTAR ISSUE #176

A partial table of contents
squeezed in!
Basics: Hymn 2k: by Larry
Schafer. A parody of the
"Battle Hymn of the Repub-
lic" for the year 2000.
Centsible Software List: A
list of new and used soft-
ware available from the
world's largest 8-bit software
company.
Toon -- A Loadstar Con-
test: by Walt Harned and
Knees Calhoon. The ninth of
a year's worth of cartoons to
which you supply the cap-
tions.
Newsletter Naniskad: by
Fender Tucker. Fender culls
the best from the many
newsletters he gets every
month.
Napoleon: by Maurice
Jones. Also known as Forty
Thieves, this is a card soli-
taire you probably can't beat
too often.
Convoy: by Floyd Kirk.
You're the commander of a
U-boat in this simulation of
naval warfare. It comes with
a color-animated instruc-
tions program.
Tower Dungeon: by Ed
Nichols. Using the Dungeon
game system from LS #167,
try to save Loadstar's editor
from the machinations of his
evil clone.

Issue 25

Puzzle Page #176: by Bar-
bara Schulak & Knees Cal-
hoon. Four crossword puzzles
and an essay on the impor-
tance of surf music to our pre-
sent-day culture.

Even More MIT Problems:
by Floyd Kirk. 25 new chess
problems to be solved with
Mate In Two (from LS #171.)
FileMaster: by Jeff Jones.
Jeff's masterpiece of a file
handler now can display IFLI
files. One is included so you
can see what this new graph-
ics format is like.

Hi-Res Workstation Overlay
Printer: by Andrew Martin.
UnWRAP this file and you'll
have a set of files For Hi-Res
Workstation, to make a handy
keyboard overlay with all of
Hi-Res Workstation's com-
mands on it.

Songs Of The Immigrants:
by Dave Marquis. A mini-
jukebox of eight songs written
by immigrants to America
from the old world.

Salt Of The Earth: by Walt
Harned. Walt Hamed's graphi-
cal slide-show is a tribute to
farmers everywhere, and es-
pecially Orville Thieman,
Watt's father-in-law.
Loadstar Album Annum IX:
by Loadstar Artists. Twelve
full-screen title screens from
our glorious ninth year are
presented in a mouse-driven
slide show.

GAMES! LOADSTAR LETTER #65

HELPWARE! 8 |

MUSIC!

GRAPHICS!

TUTORIALS!

UTILITIES!
CONTESTS!

The Loadstar Letter
The Loadstar Letter is hard-hitting and packed
with news, programming info, tutorials, and
laughs for every Commodore user! It's $18 for a
year and $2 for back issues. Each Issue is usually
14 pages in length and has very few to no adver-
tisements. It sports the writing talents of Jeff
Jones, Robin Harbron and other knowledgeable

Commodore veterans. Get connected and don't
miss a single issue!

Get Published!

The Loadstar Letter is always looking for good
articles revolving around Commodore comput-
ing. If you have knowledge to share, send email
Jeff@loadstar.com with your articles and news.

BUY IT EVERY MONTH!

Loadstar is only $7.95 per month for as long
las you want to remain a subscriber. You can

ail a check every month or have $7.95 auto-

atically billed to your credit card. Don't for-
iget that we have over 170 back issues avail-
able for only $7.95 each!

Still not a believer? Visit our website at

http://www.loadstar.com/
Go to our download page and try out

a sample issue!

CREDIT ORDERS CALL TOLL FREE!
1-800-594-3370
International: 1-318-221-8718
OR send Check/ Money Order to:

J & F Publishing

P.O. Box 30008

Shreveport, LA
71130-0008

COMMODORE WORLD

Saturday, October 24 was a lovely, crisp autumn afternoon in Chicago, not
too cold and very sunny. So, of course, we all scrambled like mad to get
indoors to the SWRAP Commodore Expo!

They came from quite impressive distances, enduring long drives or
flights to come from as far as Canada and California for the show. In all,
about 100 faithful packed into the small Holiday Inn meeting room to see
the sights, learn about new developments, spend a little money, and hang
out with other dedicated Commodore users.

Celebrity Developers Abound

No expo can truly be complete without celebrities in attendance, and the
SWRAP show was well covered. The headliner by far was Torontonian Jim
Butterfield, legendary programming wizard of Commodore 8-bitmachines.
Maurice Randall, the man who tore apart GEOS and putit back together as
Wheels, the GEOS upgrade was on hand, as were K. Dale Sidebottom, one
ofthe best cheerleaders our platform has today, Nate Dannenberg, hardware
hacker extraordinaire, and a host of online and demo scene personalities.

Mr. Butterfield was the center
of attention for most of the day,
having his brain picked on all
manner of Commodore subjects
and history. In the middle of the
day he held a more formal story-
telling session, sharing his
insight on Commodore's origins
asacalculatormanufacturerand
how it was not computers but
digital watches thatJack Tramiel
was really shooting for until
market shifts and a chip surplus
meant he could sell a computer
without too much trouble.

The rest of the time, Maurice Randall had the assembled throng
transfixed with his demonstrations of Wheels and Wheels 128, the
GEOS upgrade programs. With a SuperCPU 128 and Wheels 128,
Randall kept people huddled around literally for hours at a time
showing them the flexibility and power of the new operating system
and its enhancements. One of the particularly interesting new
developments in Wheels 128 is the ease with which it can switch
between 40 and 80 column graphics mode, useful for switching quickly
between GEOS applications which require one or the other.

¢ a
[

Fender Tucker (left) and Jim Butterfield
(right) swap Commodore tale:

COMMODORE WORLD

NateDannenberg garnered much
of the remaining attention with his
homebrew 128 Tower, which he's
hacked tocontaina virtual shopping
list of every piece of high-tech
equipment a Commodore power
user could want. But the tower itself
was just a vehicle to show off some
even more exciting developments.
Dannenberg has developed
ModPlay 64 and 128, programs
which play Amiga music files(MOD
format) using standard Commodore
sound hardware or an optional pay ee
digital sound add-on he designed. |

But ModPlay had to compete for
time with Dannenberg’s newest and hottest project, the QuickCam 64
interface. In case you've missed the past two years of excitement, the
QuickCam isa small round camera used primarily on PCs and Macs to take
easy black and white or color video shots into the computer. Until Nate
started hacking, there was no way to connect one toa C64. With some help
on thesoftware side, henow hasan interface that can display live blackand
white video in a variety of different resolutions and styles on the
Commodore screen.

In fact, one of the projects of the day was to get a new high-resolution
display mode working on the camera. Mark Seelye, (better known as
Burning Horizon on the demoscene) made his way down from Minneapolis
to try to finish the high-res camera module, and the other hardcore
programmers in attendance did their best to help out. (Unfortunately, the
module didn’t get fully up and running until after the show had closed.)

More than one person offered to buy the QuickCam interface, but it
remains a prototype and not yet for sale.

Speaking of one-of-a-kind items, the “CMD enhanced” $X-64 got rave
reviews. Randy Harris, organizer of the SWRAP show, commissioned
Eric Kudzin to hack an FD-2000 and CMD hard drive into the drive
bays of the portable SX-64, and he even made the necessary wiring
changes to get the SuperCPU to work on the SX-64.., so that was
mounted on the unit, too! It was quite a sight to see so much power
squeezed into the clever little portable.

Issue 25

The Commodore 65
is something of a
legendary item. It was
the enhanced 64 that
never was, although
some number of
prototype units were
built. These prototypes
are scattered around
the world, but three of
them made thejourney : ~
to the show! Proud _ | Rare photo-op: three Commodore C65 prototypes.
owners Todd Elliott, Raymond Day, and yours truly even posed the three
together for a once-in-a-lifetime photo opportunity. I set my 65 to show off
the Commodore rolling demos (including some very nice high-resolution,
high-color pictures) as well as to run some Commodore 64 programs in its
special 3.5 Mhz speed mode.

Todd Elliott also brought along several prototype and demonstration
units of various Commodore floppy drives—special FCC test units, not-for-
resale experiments, and so forth.

One of Steve Judd’s
several displays was a
Commodore 64 modified
with PAL (European)
hardware, enabling it to
show various demos that
are incompatible with our
NTSC models. Many users
got their first look at some
ofthe truly amazing effects
our overseas cousins have
squeezed out of the 64.

Robert Bernardo, who made the trip all the way from Fresno, gave
many people their first look at the British Commodore magazines and
fanzines that have sprung up over recent years. He writes for them
occasionally (and had promised them a show report) so he had a few
samples to show the curious.

Steve Judd's modified-for-PAL Commodore
64 showing off some hot European demos

More people!
K. Dale Sidebottom, who has also graced the pages of this magazine,
gave a rollicking demonstration of the power of the Postscript printer
language, using GEOS, a digital camera, and a color printer to achieve
some truly beautiful output.

Loadstar’s Fender Tucker was onhand as well, sharing tales and stories
with all comers as well as gently pushing Loadstar at every opportunity.

Although he didn't come with much product, Centsible Software's Scott
Parker washanding outcatalogsleft [yar Seclye takes time out from
and right, and telling people about
the great new software acquisitions
his company has recently made.

If you were interested in
becomingademo programmer, you
couldn't have picked a better show
to attend. In addition to Mark
Seelye, demo sceners Josh Grebe
(Firestalker), Robin Harbron
(Macbeth) and Darren Foulds
(Shroom) were in attendance.

Issue 25

More Software and Products!

Steve Judd, editor of Commodore Hacking magazine and one of the
Renaissance Men ofmodern Commodore computing, showed offanumber
of his new programs.

AMMON was one of the world’s first SuperCPU-only programs. It
is a machine language monitor designed especially for the SuperCPU,
allowing a programmer to fully analyze the memory while
programming SCPU applications.

BLARG is Judd’s BASIC graphics extension language, with a variety of
powerful graphics commandsas wellasSuperCPU optimization—although
any machine can use and benefit from the BLARG commands.

Tunesmith is his contribution to Commodore music makers. It includes

a powerful song editor, instrument creator, even a built-in programming
language for complex effects and songs,
If you were looking

for some new or used
products for your
Commodore, there
were vendors on hand
to take care of you.

Some indivduals were | co
selling portions of
their collection—the
odd software title, or
an occasional drive.
Others had more
professional displays. Although not many computers were sold, a ton of
games, cartridges, magazines, cables, and monitors could be had at the
show. In addition, the club was selling high-end CMD products like
SuperCPUs and RamLinks. My favorite product of the day: floppy drive
cables that were 25 feet long if they were an inch.

Show Post-Mortem
‘Therewereanawfullot ofsmilesat theshow. 100 peoplemay notsound like
very much, but when it's 100 people who are happy to be in the company
of new friends who share common interests, it suddenly seems like a lot
more. That, and the small room.

Inallseriousness, the

show could only be
considered a great
success for the users.
Everybody got to see
some things they'd
never seen before and
meet someone they'd
never met before.
While the guy in the
back of the room with
the three-dozen or so
monitors didn’t sell as many as he would have liked, a number of people
were in the buying mood and helped spread the wealth around.

Amore organized presentation schedule would have been nice: through
nobody's faultin particular, the Wheels 128 demo turned into more or less
anall-day event and probably hurt theimpact the day’s other presentations
had. Yet, in view ofthe ‘bigger picture’, it's more important to get together
and support one another. Shows like the SWRAP expo doa fine job of this,
and they're proof that if you build it, they will indeed come.

®

‘The club had a lot of new CMD products for sale.

COMMODORE WORLD

Wheels 128

GUI DRIVING POWER

by Bruce Thomas

T'lladmit right here and now that I have not been a regular user of GEOS

128. I've owned a 128D for 4 years now and got GEOS 128 V2.0 shortly

after getting the machine. Of course, I liked the 80 column display but

some programs only ran in 40 column mode. Occasionally I would use

programs such as GEOINVADERS that only ran on the 128 but mainly
Istuck with GEOS 64.

= <2 >’

ante cree S

A big reason for this was the fact that | owned
aTurboMaster Accelerator that propelled GEOS
64 at 4 MHz—up to four times as fast as the 128
could go. Considering that workwith geoPublish
a lot, a 40 column program, the speed increase
(very important when using a Graphical User
Interface—GUI) far outweighed any advantages
that GEOS 128 offered. Once I could run my 64 at
20 MHz the 128 didn’t stand a chance,

With the release of Wheels 128 Maurice
Randall has brought the 128 up to speed, so to
speak, as far as hardware handling in a GUI is
concerned. Notonly doesthenew system provide
full access to all ofour hardware itis also a unique
time machine offering a glimpse into the future
for Wheels 64 owners. While this article will deal
with what is new in Wheels 128 V4.1 all of these
new features will show up in the V4.1 release of
Wheels 64 so read on.

Kick The Tires

Numerous improvements are immediately
apparent in Wheels 128. As you give it this first
look over keep in mind that GEOS V2.0 is no
longerarequirement. Youcan upgradeto Wheels
128 from GEOS 128 V1.4 ifyou want to but V2.0
comes with vastly improved major applications
so you should have it to get the most GUI
satisfaction.

This package arrived with a new, unified 56
page manual (plus index and appendix) that
covers both Wheels 64 and Wheels 128 inan easy
to read 2 column format. Differences between
the systems are noted where appropriate.

Start Your Engine

Wheels 128 is a self-contained system. This
means that the disk you receive isnow bootable
and will become your original Wheels 128

Issue 25

Master Disk. Your original GEOS disk is
requested at the appropriate time to register
the serial number only.

The install process is straight-forward and
simple. Since you are booting Wheels, all of your
RAMand hardware can be plugged in and active.
A very thorough 4-page installation guide takes
you through the entire process. Inspired, I am
sure, by the infamous GEOS 128 install process it
is possible to write-protect your disk and do a
practice install.

As Wheels boots for the first time you must
enter the type of system RAM to use, the input
driver to install, the clock source to use, your
nameand your original GEOS disk when required.
‘The Wheels disk comes as either a 1581 or 1541
disk with prompts for sides 1 and 2 during the
1541 install. The final part of the install tells you
to write-protect this original disk. After your
install hassuccessfully completed youshouldrun
MakeSysDisk to create backup Master and Boot
disks. Again, thesystem works smoothly andisas
fool-proofas it can be. After creating a Boot disk,
copy at least one input driver and printer driver
to it before use. Without an input driver the
system defaults to a 1351 mouse driver in port 1;
we'll talk about printer drivers later.

Thefirst timeyoubootwithyournewly created
disk the experience will be similar to the initial
install. This time, however, the default hardware
information (RAM, Input Driver, Printer, Clock)
will be saved to your disk. The dialog boxes for
these items will only show up again ifyou change
your RAM hardware, create a new boot disk or
use a special key combination during bootup.

Things That Make You Go

The ToolBox is run invisibly during the boot
process toinstall the proper drivers forthe devices

7

on your system. The dialog boxes where you set
thetype of RAM, boot settings, input and printer
drivers, and clock source are part of the Toolbox,
One new boot choice is the port (1 or 2) you wish
to use your mouse device in—slick!

When you run the ToolBox a user interface
appears showing the drives currently installed
and running on your system. Drives A through D
arelisted in separate boxes containing the device,
the type of driver in use and even the active
partition number if appropriate. By clicking on
one of the four boxes in the top half of the screen
(Current Config) it is possible to add or remove

Wheels 64 & 128 Update

After this article was submitted, Maurice
Randall released yet another update to
both the Wheels 64 and Wheels 128
operating systems. Initially, Wheels 128
received a number of bug fixes, including
some for various drivers. In addition, a
rewritten window resize function that
insures that all files can be seen in icon
mode after making the window smaller,
and anew option for selecting American or
German keyboard and character set in the
installer.(Maurice is also presently looking
for information on keyboard layouts and
character sets for France, Holland, Italy,
‘Switzerland, Spain, Portugal, Finland, UK,
Norway, Denmark and Sweden.

These fixes, plus all other new features
found in Wheels 128 (with the exception of
features which will only work on a C128)
were then added to Wheels 64, bringing
that variation of the operating system up to
the same revision level.

Maurice Randall has begun shipping a
free upgrade to this version toall registered
owners of Wheels 64 and Wheels 128. The
upgrade does not include a new manual,
but this may be purchased from Maurice.

COMMODORE WORLD

wheels file disk options view divecto: AMMT/98_ 44:07 P
Elctierary_s 1ave7k Free

ree

geoF Ax GEOWRITE

EH @

GEOLINKER

drives, format and validate disks and change
partitions. An option to SAVE the chosen device
to the bootup configuration is also available.
This application also offers options for
SuperCPU optimization and it provides a
complete breakdown of your RAM usage. This
makesita more than capable replacement for the
myriad of Configure files that were previously
required to run our hardware under GEOS.

Polish the Chrome

The DetailShop is where you can customize
your Wheels, It is here that the screen,
application and system colors can be set—for
both 40- and 80-column modes (80-column
color works here whether you have 64K VDC
RAM or only 16K). Here too you can adjust
your background pattern and tweak your
mouse performance.

Have you tried any of the GEOS screen-savers?
Some of them are pretty cool with fancy wipes
and fadeout effects. Some of them are auto-execs
and some allow you to control the time delay.
Most of them don't work.

‘The ScreenSaver in Wheels, also found in the
DetailShop, leaves all of the rest in its dust. No, it
doesn’t wipe or fade or dribble down your screen.
What it does do is perform.

Options let you choose the time delay and
also the deactivation method. This is the best
feature. My mouse, and a lot of others I
presume, causes the pointer to jump a bit on
the screen if it isn’t sitting properly. The
Wheels ScreenSaver ignores the mouse jitters

COMMODORE WORLD

GEOPAINT GEOASSEMBLER

QeOSHELL GEODEBUGGER pubpics

a
29k Applic
7k Applic

(the downfall of other screensavers) and blanks
the screen anyway. A keypress or mouse button
push brings back your screen display. To me,
the fact that it always works makes up for the
lack of frills.

No Fuzzy Dice, Please

This Dashboard is clean. The screen looks
identical in 40 and 80 column modes except for
the menu/clock font, the mouse pointer and the
lack of color in 80 column mode if you only have
16K Video RAM. The drive icons are lined up on
the left side. A printer icon may appear in the
lower right corner. The clockand menu appear
across the top. Allin all there isa nicely balanced
look tothe Dashboard but theiconscanbe placed
wherever the user wants.

The initial Dashboard screen opens with no
drive windows visible. Once you double-click on
a drive icon you will be presented with a lot of
information about that disk.

The drive letter, disk name and KBytes Free
appear across the top of the window. A fuel
gauge down the left side provides a graphical
representation of the used/free space. A
scrollbar and two control arrows adorn the
right side of the window providing a quick
method to move through the directory plus a
graphical view of the number of files on the
disk. A box in the upper left is used to close the
window while one in the lower right is used to
resize the window.

Coloris used to indicate active windowsas well
as different types of windows. Since 80 column

8

color is only fully supported on 128's with 64KB
of Video RAM a few other indicators have been
added. The top left Close box is filled solid if
the window containsa main directory (default
color Cyan). If the window contains a System
Directory (more on that later—default color
Red) the top left box will be hollow. It is
possible to have up to 16 windows open at
once so a thin line appears below the Close
box to indicate the active window.

A great new feature of the Dashboard is the
ability to swap drives. Whileit is possible to work
from Drive C or D with our present applications
we can't use all four drives. If you find you
absolutely must have your D drive moved to the
B drive position you can do that. Pick up a ghost
of D and drop it on the B drive icon the same way
wehavealways swapped drivesin GEOS. A dialog
box will ask ifyou want to copy the drive or swap
the positions. Simple.

A new twist has been added to the Wheels
swap. Asan example itis possible to boot Wheels
with only devices 8 and 11 active and they will
come up as Drives A and D. Ifyou want only a2
drive system you will need to have them as A and
B. Click on Drive D and then choose the SWAP
option under the DISK menu. A Dialog box will
allow you to choose which drive to with -
even one that doesn’t exist (like B in this case).
Swapping drives automatically adjusts any open
windows for that drive also.

There's a Desk Accessory (DA) option under
the Wheels menu which opens a dialog box
that allows you to run a DA from any drive on
your system (and don’t forget the DA Color
setting under the Option menu). As with any
such dialog box in Wheels, when you see a
DISK icon while accessing a partitionable
device, you can access other partitions as well.
This feature is really nice while working within
the DashBoard environment; what we need
now is an actual D.A. version so we can use it
in our applications (Jim Collette’s DA Runner
only supports 3 drives and seemed to have
difficulties with the new DISK icon).

Control

em Director dir) mentioned earlier
is a very handy item. In GEOS it was possible to
move file icons off the desktop notepad into the
lower border area. The Wheels sysdir is like the
border area on steroids.

Thesysdir can hold farmorethan the8 files the
border area could. Any files stored in the sysdir
are considered to bea part of the root directory of
the drive and, if you use native partitions, any
subdirectories that are linked to the root sysdir.
Each subdir can also be configured to use its own

Issue 25

sysdir instead of the root sysdir but any directory
can be linked to only one sysdir. It is easier than
it sounds.

Thesysdir allows you to savealot of disk space.
By placing the Applications, Fonts and Desk
Accessories that you want to use fora project into
the sysdir you can access these files from any
directory linked to that sysdir. This lets you
organize projects in individual subdirectories
while only requiring one copy ofthe application.

You can also save space on your boot disk as
Wheels eliminates the need for many of the auto-
execs we depended on for things like the
screensaver andsetting the time. Oneother retiree
is CENTER 80. The GEOS 128 screen wasn't
properly centered vertically on thescreen without
thisfileon your boot disk whereas Wheelshandles
the screen properly.

Do you want an easy shortcut to geoWrite or
any other application? The inclusion of the
geoShell item under the Wheels menu may seem
frivolous if you don’t own geoShell, but it can be
used toyouradvantage. By renaming your favorite
application “geoSHELL” it will be found and
loaded from anywhere on your system by
choosing this menu option.

‘The addition of the Printer Icon is a welcome
touch. Not only does this display the name of the
driver presently installed it also provides an easy
method to change printer drivers. By double-
clicking on the icon a Dialog box comes up listing
all printer drivers on the current disk. Since the
printer driver is kept in memory at all times it is
possible to select one from any active storage
device using the Drive and/or Disk buttons.

Speed Bumps

Not all of the software I tried with Wheels 128
worked. Two programs that definitely did not
were MahJongVDCand VDC Solitaire. Whilethe
40 column color versions run as expected these
two modified editions do not. Other 80 column
color games like Geolnvaders and Decode!
worked fine.

GeoLogger, one of my favorite cataloging
programs, hastroublebutthat isunderstandable.
Allofthe new drive types that are available under
Wheels didnot exist when geoLogger was written.

Wheels is a point and click interface, but it
also has numerous keyboard shortcuts. Sadly,
my own favorite GEOS 128 shortcuts—accessing
the menus with the cursor keys—aren’t here.
If you learn the shortcuts you can get things
done quicker (with no trash can at least
remember <Commodore><E> to Erase files)
but you may find youare always forced back to
your mouse/joystick at some point. Using
shortcuts I can change the active drive and

Issue 25

Bi Edit the 89 column mouse pointer's
N shop

summon the Dialog Box to change partitions
but I can’t choose the partition I want from
the keyboard.

While | like the fact that I can change my
current printer driver by double-clicking on the
icon I'm not totally thrilled with the process of
setting a default. During the initial boot process
the presence ofa printer driver will cause a dialog
box to prompt you to set this as the default.
Answering Yes will do that, Answering No will
cycle to the next driver with the same prompt.
Your third choice is Cancel and I suggest you
choose it (press ‘C’).

By cancelling the installation of a default
printer driver your Wheels system acts more like
GEOS. Changing printer drivers is then as easy as
making the new one the first driver on the disk
and it will install the next time you boot Wheels.
The Set Printer option under the Dashboard
Wheelsmenuonly changes the driver used during
the current session. To change a default printer
driver (if you answered Yes above) you must
enter the ToolBox by holding the Commodore
key and Left Shift key while booting Wheels.

Anotherminorinconvenience involves resizing
a drive Window. It is possible to set the window
size so that the top icons are visible but only a
portion of the bottom icons show up (i.e., you
have 14 files on the disk and resize to show three
rows of four icons and the tops of the last two
icons). In a situation like this the down-arrow
won't scroll the window to make the bottom two
icons completely visible. Click in the space above
thearrowsbut below thescrollbarandthewindow

9

will move down. After scrolling back to the top of
the directory the down-arrow will work fine.

No Horizontal scroll arrows are present so if
you make the window narroweryou won't see all
of the files. In this case it is best to choose Text
mode for the window and you'll see the names of
all of the files along its left edge.

These are minor problems and most have easy
ways to get around them, They will only be an
irritant ifyou don't use all of the tools the system
provides. Besides, no set of Wheels is totally
perfect for everybody.

Dependable Service

Maurice Randall guarantees 100% installation
satisfaction—including a free Wheels disk
replacement within 30 days if your m
disk should go bad (no matter what the cau
Here's another indication of his commitment:
After receiving the initial version of Wheels
128 some users had serial number problems.
As soon as he heard of this, Maurice created a
patch and sent it out to those whose disks had
already been shipped. | received the patch via
Email 5 days before the snail brought my
Wheels 128 disk.

The arrival of Wheels 128 is an important
move forward for GEOS 128 lovers. Even casual
users like myself (although that hasnow changed)
willappreciatethespeed and freedom that Wheels
provides. If you're serious about driving your
Commodore, you'll find these Wheels essential
when things get GUI.

®

COMMODORE WORLD

Just For Starters

You can never have enough floppy disks,
Sooner or later, you're going to run out of
space somewhere, or need an extra disk, or
want to make a backup copy of an important
program or document. Half of the equation is
making sure you have enough storage space
on hand. The other halfis actually copying the
data from one disk to another. That's what
we'll try to clear up this month.

Storage Space

The most basic unit of disk storage on the
Commodore is a plain old 1541 floppy drive,
accepting 5.25" disks. Each side of a 1541-
formatted disk stores about 170K of data. You
can move up to greater storage capacity on drives
such as the 1581, FD-2000, or a hard drive, but
for now we'll focus on copying from a standard
1541 on device #8, the basic configuration for the
vast majority of us,

Some people like to use “work disks” that they
use to save all of their recent projects on—one
disk for all the latest graphics creations, another
disk for all the latest BASIC programs, and so
forth. The trouble with work disks is that they
can fill up quickly with redundant old projects.
You can erase them, but what if they're still
important enough to keep around even if they're
no longer relevant enough to be ona frequently-
used disk? That's where copying toa backup disk
comes in very handy.

COMMODORE WORLD

by Jason Compton

DISK & FILE COPYING

_————

BASIC Copying

‘Themostsimpleand straightforward way tocopy
a file from one disk to another is to LOAD it and
then SAVE it in BASIC. There's a major catch,
however: the file you're copying must bea BASIC
program. So, if you've just written a BASIC
program toprint “Hello World” alloverthescreen
in all sorts of colors, and want to copy it to a
friend’s disk, this will certainly work:

LOAD*HELLO WORLD",8
<remove your disk, insert your friend's disk>

SAVE"HELLO WORLD", 8

10

Nothing to it, right? It’s a fine way to make a
single copy of a BASIC program. If you have
another disk drive, you can substitute its number
(9, 10, etc) for the 8 in the SAVE process. But you
can't copy any other file this way: no graphics, no
machine-language programs, no letters or
documents, nothing.

We need to use external programs to do
more complex copying, such as non-BASIC
programs, multiple files at once, or even entire
disks at a time.

Copying Files

Almost everyone should havea rudimentary file
copying program: UNICOPY comes on many of
the Commodore Test Disks issued with every
disk drive. With UNICOPY, you can copy files of
any type from one drive to another. But
UNICOPY is old, clunky, and requires that you
have two disk drives. There are certainly more
convenient options out there,

Literally hundreds of copy programs have
been written during the Commodore's 17 year
history. Cataloguing all of them would be a
waste—it is enough to know that if you look
hard enough, you'll find them. Instead, we'll
give you an idea of what sorts of programs are
easiest to find, and how the different major
types of copy programs tend to work.

If you own a CMD drive like an FD-2000, a
RAMLink, or an HD, you have the FD Utilities

Issue 25

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Prices: 4.95 0a., of $4.00 0a. for 3 or more. Shippin
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For years, Commodore set the standard with the 1351 mouse. Sure, it was vastly superior to $49.°°
using old digital input devices like the 1350 mouse or joysticks. But everything can be improved. Pius SH
Guaranteed 100% 1351-compatible, SmartMouse does everything the C-1351 does and more!
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of utilities for using the clock in GEOS and BASIC applications. Modern ergonomic designs
makes SmartMouse a smooth operator that's a pleasure to use. So, if you're tired of the slow,
erratic movement of your current input device, make the intelligent choice and pick up a
SmartMouse today!

SmartMouse is the Most Advanced
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Three buttons means convenience! If you're a GEOS user, the left * SmartMouse utilizes the same advanced technology used in today's

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fully programmable for other application. * Built-in battery-backed Real-Time Clock automatically sets the GEOS
clock, displays time and can be used in your own programs.

SmartMouse uses the same custom gate array chip as the
Commodore C-1351 mouse to guarantee 100% compatibility.

Includes utilities disk and detailed manual explaining the utilities
and programming information.

Switches easily into joystick emulation mode on power-up by
holding down the right button.

Attention Lefties! SmartMouse can be altered for left handed use.

Issue 25 W COMMODORE WORLD

disk, which contains a useful program called
FCOPY. (You can also buy an enhanced version,
FCOPY+, as part ofthestand-alone CMD Utilities
disk.) FCOPY allows you to select any number of
files from a directory list of one disk and copy
them toanother, Itis reasonably easy and painless
to use, but it still suffers from the restriction of
requiring more than one drive.

If you don’t have FCOPY but you do have
JiffyDOS, you havea built-in drive-to-drive copy
program. UsingtheX (set destination drive) and
* (copy file) JiflyDOS commands, you can do file
copying between two different drives. The drives
do not both need to have JiffyDOS installed,
although it does result in a faster copy.

But if you don’t have two drives, fear not. A
number of other programs allow you to copy files
from one disk to another even if you only have a
single disk drive. The down side is that, for large
files, you may have to “swap” disks: re-inserting
the source and destination disks as the file copies
progress. That's because when you only have one
disk drive, the computer has to serve as a buffer.

A buffer, in general computer terms, is an
area of memory used as a temporary storage
place fora given amount of data. In this case, the
Commodore's available memory is used as the
temporary storage for files read off of a source
disk, so that the source disk can be removed and
replaced by a destination disk. ‘The computer
copies the buffer out to the destination disk.

Let's say you're copying 150K of files (that’s
about 600 blocks) from one 1541 disk toanother.
You go through the interface of that particular
program to select the files you want copied—
some present you with a list you scroll through
with cursor keys and you “flag” the files you want
copied, others present you with each file one at a
time and you answer “Yes, copy” or “No, don’t
copy” until the list is done.

150K is more information than can be stored
in the memory buffer at one time, so the
process will require multiple passes (a pass, in
copy terms, is one read session from the source
disk and one write session to the destination).
Atypical file copy program will read from the
source disk, prompt you to replace the source
with the destination disk, write fora time, ask
for the source disk back, and so forth until it
finishes the job.

By contrast, copy programs which use two
drives do not require you to change disks, since
the data read into the buffer from one drive (the
source drive) can be immediately written to the
disk in the second (destination) drive, Some two-
drive copiers take this one step further, and
eliminate the need fora buffer in the computerby
sending data directly from the source drive to the

COMMODORE WORLD

destination drive. While this can speed up the
copy process, it is less common with file copiers
since they may need to keep track of a lot of
individual files.

Many utility cartridges (Super Snapshot,
Action Replay, Fastload, etc.) also come with
built-in file copiers that are at least adequate for
copying files on a single-drive system. Most
commercial copy programs, such as Maverick,
also have efficient file copy utilities for one or
more drives.

Beyond Just File Copying

Here's where things start to get trickier, Now we
understand how to move files from one disk to
anotherand that, unless they're BASIC programs,
wecan't doit using the familiar LOAD and SAVE
in BASIC. But thetrickisthis: Notall information
you may want to back up is always stored in a file
you can see!

Particularly with commercial software (and
games in particular), often there is data ona disk
thatdoesnotappearasafilein the directory atall.
You can’t LOAD it in BASIC, and a file-by-file
copy program will fail to see it. That's when you
need a whole-disk copy program. A whole-disk
copy program copies every single piece of data,
whether or not it appears to be connected toa file
or not, from one disk to another. That way, you
get an identical copy.

The most straightforward sort of whole-disk
copy program simply takes all of the data from
one disk and places it on another. Because of the
size of disks (remember, a 1541 disk, the smallest
available, is 170K!), a whole-disk copier could
need four or more passes (source/destination
disk swaps) using just a single disk drive. With
two drives of the same type, the process tends to
be automatic, just as it is for file copies.

Here's another catch: copy protection. It’s on
all sorts of commercial software, game and
productivity alike. If you're trying to make
backups (whole-disk copies) of these disks, a
special sort of disk copier, commonly known asa
“nibbler”, is needed. With plain whole-disk
copiers, a copy-protected disk will give it fits—
either errors during the copy process, or a
resulting copy that just doesn’t work.

Anibblercan, in many cases, successfully copy
protected disks. However, nibblers typically do
not remove copy protection—that's important to
understand. The resulting backup is usually just
as copy-protected as the original. Think of a
nibbler as a way to sidestep copy protection, not
eliminate it.

Whole-disk copiers can also be used for a
special purpose: to transfer an entire disk, like
a 1541, onto a similarly partitioned area of a

12

disk like an FD-2000, RAMLink, or HD.CMD's
MCOPY can accomplish this feat, or can be
used as a basic whole-disk copier between two
standard floppy drives.

Other whole-disk copiers can sometimes be
found on utility cartridges, such as those listed
above, or in copy program packages.

One of the most popular copy programs (and
not entirely coincidentally, one of the few still
readily available) is Maverick, Maverick has one
of the most powerful nibblers ever created, as
well. It also provides one additional feature that
can help out with copy-protection: parameters.
Asused by acopierlike Maverick, parameters tell
the copier how to copy a specific program disk,
making sure that any special things that need to
be done to duplicate (or in some cases remove)
the copy-protection are taken care of.

File Management

It'smoreimportant than you think. Keeping your
work or project disks organized, and scrupulous
backups in a safe place, can save you a lot of
heartache down the road. Unless you have a
photographic memory, locating the disk that has
your latest resume can be troubling unless you've
gotitona disk you know how to find—and you'll
find it much better if you copy files onto disks
that you can readily label as “letters”, “job stuff”,
and so forth.

It’s also worth pointing out that magnetic
media is not immortal: disks can fail as they age,
and some of ourdisks are nearing the two-decade
mark. Buying a fresh box of floppies and making
some backups is a good idea.

A safety tip: It’s always a good idea to write-
protect your source disk. Those little tabs that go
over the disk notches can be lifesavers if you
accidentally forget what you're doing in the
middle of a copy process, If you don’t have the
special little tabs, a scrap of electrical tape does
the job just fine. (Scotch tape doesn’t work,
because the sensor is an electric eye!)

If all of this sounds too much, don't worry.
Find a copy program, get a few blank, formatted
disks to use to test with, and just learn by doing.
Most of them are easy to understand once you
take a look at them, and if you've got a write-
protect tab on your source disk, nothing can go
wrong! In no time, you'll be churning out all
those important backups and meticulously
arranged archival disks. ®

Jason Compton is a freelance writer and
Editor of Amiga Report, the online news
resource for Commodore Amiga users.
Jason can be contacted via Email at
jason@cmdweb.com.

Issue 25

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European Nations --...S1z00 | Tach 5 Joystick ..$17.95 {Califor Chie) = ie $19.
Big Bird's Fun House .... $10.00 | Tach 3 Joystick ... $15.95 Hardware
Money Business .....0 $15.00 | 7 Used 1571's on 545,00 —_
Alpine Tram Ride... $15.00 Icontroller . Used 128's seonen $50.00
Animal Hotel $15.00 | Wico Q Stic 15,95 | Used Monitors $85.00
Adult Poker $9.93 | Uskisiits.-.---sism | Bob's Term Pro
Leader Board Golf 70.00 Ren 9. Used Printer $25.00 $15.95
Ms Pacman .... ss.00 | The Gambler (Call for choices) Pate
Water Polo .innnenne $8.00 | iri | 3p = 7
Roger Rabbit... 10.00 | Mindscape Disk Special gi
John Elway Quarterback $12,00 _
Wrath of the Demon... $18.00 | Power Player 5 1/4" Floppy Disks
h Knights of Krynn $18.00 Joysticks...$9.95 (Minimun Purchase 20)
$15.00 Pack of 20. 40

S listed do not include shippi handling. U.S, Residents add $5.00 per order. All others add 7.00 i ee =
per order. Call or Write for your free C64/128 Catalog listing Hundreds of Commodore items. Office hours ~— Geowrite Workshop
are IPM to 8PM EST Monday thru Thursday. Info Line: 1-616-471-1083 $14.95
Fax Orders:1-616-473-3456 z a

Email: cents@ spr To Order call Toll Free:1-800-640-6211

Web Site .sprynet.com/sprynet/cents

Major Credit Cards Accepted

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Specializing in NEW and USED Commodore Hardware,
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College Ave, Berrien Springs, MI 49103

Send $1.00 for a HUGE list of products, Office Hours:
11:30 - 6:30 MST. Visa, MC, Discover and American Express accepted,

3366 South 2300 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84109

The first disk based magazine for GEOS and Wheels owners!
Chrome Mag is published quarterly with the Premier Issue to
ship late April 1999. Chrome Mag features articles and
pre rams from the GEOS ranks such as Maurice Randall and
immerman.
Requires GEOS or Wheels 64 or 128 to operate. Comes on a 1581 format disk, 1541 only upon request.

Get a set of Chrome Mags for your Wheels today!
Now accepting subscriptions, please send check or MO to:

*“ Vintage Computer
Specializing in Pre-Owned Commodore
C-64 w/PS $19.95
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4 Issues Email: vintagecomp @ fda.net * Web: www.vintagecomputer.com

For more information contact: COMBUG@DELPHI.COM or CPUEDITOR@AOL.COM

Issue 25 13 COMMODORE WORLD

Graphic Interpretation

A short time ago there was a thread in the
comp.sys.cbm newsgroup on the Internet
that slammed CMD and this very
magazine, At first] found these comments
alittle hard to swallow but then realized
that the person had a point, albeit a
misguided one in my mind.

The person thought Commodore World
Magazine was nothing more than a thinly
veiled advertisement for CMD products. In
an effort to show that writers do listen to
their readers I shall try to get through this
column without mentioning CMD or any of
their terrific products—oops, too late.

Now, at this stagein the life of Commodore
computers, when there aren't many
manufacturers or developers around
anymore, we should be grateful that CMDis
still in this market supporting us. Hell, they
don't just support us, they have given us
more life than Commodore ever did. By
creating such wonderful enhancements to
our computing environment as RAMLink,
HD-series Hard Drives and FD-series Floppy
Drives, SmartMouse, 20 MHz SuperCPU
Accelerators and JiffyDOS, CMD has greatly
extended the useful lives of our computers.

On top of their originality they have
also saved, and in some cases improved

COMMODORE WORLD

by Bruce Thomas

TO CMD OR NOT TO CMD

upon, products that otherwise would have
disappeared totally from the market.
These items include such things as the SID
Symphony cartridge, SwiftLink (now
Turbo232), RAM Expansion units (with
original Commodore REC chip), geoCable
(now geoCable II) plus many software titles
including the entire GEOS family of
products. Ads for all of these items appear
in this magazine.

Looking at things from this perspective
itis easy to see how the person could think
that this publication is a self-serving

14

product for CMD. Tough not to promote
yourself when there are no competitors
for the majority of the products that one
produces. Nevertheless, there are ads
between the covers fo!
Commodore-related busin
them or they may disappear.

Impartiality

OK Bruce, get down off your soapbox. This
column is supposed to be about GEOS, Of
course, since CMD is the supplier of GEOS,
and almost every major commercial add-
on product, I felt | had a tough job trying
to fill space without promoting CMD and
their products.

So what am I going to do about this
situation? I thought about the problem,
looked through the CMD product catalog,
and realized that there is still alot of GEOS
software that CMD doesn't carry. I went
back to old GeoWorld magazine issues
and found addresses. After my searching I
wrote letters. When some of these came
back I searched the Internet for updated
snail-mail and Email addresses.

What I found out is that some of the
authors of some great GEOS programs still
offer their products for sale. Some of the

Issue 25

“In an effort to show that w

ers do listen to

their readers I shall try to get through this

coli

authors replied that they no longer had
any Commodore equipment and released
their software to the Public Domain. Some
didn’t reply at all but did offer products at
one time that would still prove very
useful—maybe they need to hear it from
more than just one writer from Canada.

Sources

Tom Adams (tom.adams@sysnet.net),
President of Meeting 64/128 Users
Through the Mail Users Group (a great
resource if you don't have a local group),
has offered to make copies of Spike
Dethman’s GEOS Disk 1 for the reasonable
price of U.S. $2, postage included. Spike
no longer supports the Commodore but
don’t let that stop you from sending him
the $10 shareware fee he asked for. Two
programs on this disk that I find
indispensable are geoPack (great for
transferring GEOS files) and Paint Rotate
(excellent geoPaint utility) plus there are
input drivers and many other useful
programs. Read more about it in
Commodore World Issue 8 (oops).

What makes GEOS so great is the
integration of the system. A graphic made
in geoPaint can be inserted into a
geoPublish document. A geoFile database
entry can be printed ona label by geoLabel.
Text from geoWrite can be added to a
geoCalc spreadsheet and on and on. To be
able to have more than one text or photo
scrap you must use albums. Of course, an
album set up for one project might not be
good for the next. To move scraps from
one album to another you need a utility.
Rick Coleman wrote Photo Mover and Text
Mover to handle just such jobs. The disk
(U.S. $15) comes with a number of photo
albums and versions of both programs for
40and 80 column screens. Read the review
in Commodore World #5 (oops).

The Software Guild is acompany run by
Roger Lawhorn. Roger wrote such great
GEOS programs as geoLabel (the BEST
GEOS label-making program), geoPrint

Issue 25

am Without m
rducts—oops. too late. ”

tioning C

(cards, banners, signs, etc.), SuperBOX
(64/128 versions to see more than 15 files
in Dialog Box), plus many other programs.
All of the programs, plus some previously
unreleased software, are available for
$30 which includes two 1581 disks and
all of the source code in case you want
to learn some GEOS programming. For
more info visit the web site (http://
members.iglou.com/luckykds/tsg.c64).

Jean Major no longer owns a
Commodore and released his work into
the Public Domain. Jean's DBGETFILES
was a popular GEOS fix for the 15 file limit
in dialog boxes. Other programs he wrote
include EggTimer (count down hours and
minutes), patches for several applications,
a 1581 bootmaker, a screen shot Desk
Accessory and an Icon Grabber to name a
few. A number of geoPacked files (get
Spike's disk) containing Jean's work can
be found on the CMD web site (oops).

At one time Paul Murdaugh offered
patches for GEOS applications so they

Resources

Spike Dethman Disk

c/o Tom Adams

4427-39 St.

Brentwood MD 20722-1022

Photo Mover V3.0:
Rick Coleman

P.O. Box 44
Sheridan WY 82801

Roger Lawhorn

The Software Guild

1723 Greentree Blvd, Apt #25
Clarksville IN 47129

Joe Buckley

c/o Storm Systems
464 Beale Street

W. Quincy, MA 02169

15

ID or any of

would work with 4 drives. While I had no
use for this service at the time the arrival
of Wheels has changed that. I have not
received any response from my letter to
Paul so doubt he still offers this service.
Markus Kanet, author of the forthcoming
MP3 GEOS upgrade told me of a patch in
the works for four drive support in German
GEOS applications. Once the German
patch is done an attempt to create patches
for American versions will be made—
watch for this to fill the void Paul has left
(unless you can find Paul).

Joe Buckley recently gave Dale
Sidebottom permission to include his
Wrong Is Write (WiW) on the Laser
Lover's Disk. At the time, Joe told Dale
that his Storm Disk 1 is still available for
$20 but Joe hasn't answered my mail. In
addition to WiW the Storm Disk contains
REU ZAP II (makes loading an REU quick
and easy), Graphic Storm II (convert many
graphics formats into GEOS), Album
Reverter (in case you only have photo
manager V1.0), some fonts and font
utilities, various boot disk maker
programs and two versions of the GEOS
game CIRCE (see Commodore World
#18—oops!). The 1541 disk is packed on
both sides.

Randy Winchester was a strong presence
in the Commodore community years ago
writing the AntiGrav Toolkit column in
GeoWorld, creating the KeyDOS ROM and
pioneering PostScript printing. Randy also
wrote a lot of good GEOS utilities and
some fun programs on two disks: Randy's
GeoDisk 1 (64) and Randy's GeoDisk II
(64 and 128). The files are all on his web
site (http://web.mit.edu/randy/www/
antigrav/antigrav.html) as are his
geoWorld articles.

Anyhow, there you have it. A column
that, hopefully, isn’t just more promotion
for all of the great products that CMD
offers. Until next time, enGEOy your
Commodore.

®

COMMODORE WORLD

ACCELERATORS

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‘CBM 1571 Disk Drive (Remanufactured wiJD) ~... CALL SuperCPU 128... $259.00
‘CMD FD-2000 (800K anc 1.6 MB) i ‘$179.00 SuperCPU 128 wiSuperhiAM (OAs/ieus) S3197354978418
EMD FD Real-Time-Clock Option '$39.00 SuperRAM Card (048/168) '$79/114/139/179
Box of 10, High Density Disks (1.6MB) $14.95

Box of 10, Enhanced Density Disks (3.2 MB) $29.00

CMO 1750XL 2MB REV. $99.00

HARD DRIVES RAMUnk Base Model (OMB, No RAMCard) $169.00

HD-40 (40 MB) CALL RAMLing w/IM RAMCard (Special!) $209.00
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HD-2000, 2 GB (Special Edition) $649.00 RAMLink Battery Back-up (Optional) ... ‘$26.95
Parallel Cable (RAMLink to HD) = $19.95

MISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE
PRODUCTIVITY

Monitors (40 column and 40/80 column) ... CALL

Aprotok'3-Way Usor Port Expander $30.00 Bank Street Wrter $12.00
‘protek User Port Extension Cable $19.00 Gadpax e4 (Abacus) $22.00
C64 Computer (Romanufactured, wid & PS)". $99.00 Gadpax 128 (Abacos) $25.00
C-64C Computer (Romanulactured, w/JO & PS)”."$109.00 Ghartpak €8 (Abacus) ss $17.00
G.646 Gomputor (New $139.00 Chartpak 128 (Abacus)

§X-64 Computer (Remanulaciuted wid0) $299.00 Gata Manager es (Timeworks)

C-128 Computers: = CALL GODOL reser

€128-D Computers (Remanutactured w/JO) CALL | Paint v1.5 (128, 80-col., 64K VDC)

C-64/64C PoworSupply (New, 1.7 Amp.) . $29.00 | Port v1.54 (128, 80-col., 64K VOC)

C-64/64C RepairablePS (Now, 1.7 AMP.) oi...» $39.00 Personal Porttolio Manager (Abacus) ~

C-54/64C Heavy Duty Ropairablo PS (New. 434)". $59.00 RUN Procscreny Pak os i Goce

C-128 RepairablePower Supply (Now, 4.3 Amp.) .. $55.00 RUN Super Staner Pak 1841 of 1887

{6-12B0 internal Power Supply (Now 45 Amp.) -.. $3900 RUN one $20.00
1541-11581/RLv1 Powor Supply (Now, 1 Amp.) $2500 SEC Check Aagisie’ 128 $50.00
CHO Ex2e1 3-Por Cartridge Port Expander... $39.00 SuperSergt 126 (Precision) $20.00
‘GMO EXa 3-Pon Cartidgo Port Expander $34.00 BubSisceb ervarion 80) (Precaion) $3.00
GMD GeoCabie I Print Gable BRASH... S34 630.05 GuBemase GF Version 3.0) Frvcison) $33.00
CMD Soga-styio Gamopad for C-64/128 $24.95 Svincale 64 (Timeworks) $16.00
EMO SmartMouso (1351 Compatible Mousa) $49.95 TWSto4 weSqalor (Busy Boo) $29.00
FiprvFlio 25 Disk Holdor (6 20-inch) ian vie Sa nrene ae Ce) Sn
Floppy Disks (25 pack of DSOD 5.25-inch ) $10.00 y ‘gach $8.00

Inkwoll Light Pen Model 170¢ Tis Motes (HO aaa

Panasonic KXP-1150 9-pin Printer........ $199.00 TELECOMMUNICATIONS:

Panasonic KXP-2023 24-pin Printer $259.00 Aprotek Com-Modem Adapter (for ext. modem) .... $19.00
Pere unig tp re-————— ek fm Soren Ae cs a
Panasonic KXP-2023 Color Kit $85.00 Commodore 1670 Modem (1200 baud) $19.95
Smartine C-600 Printarintoraco $10.00 Modem (925) or Null Modom Cable (9-9 0 325) ..... $9.95

$29.95
$39.95

Novaterm 9.6 (spoctty 3.5" or 5 25°)

Turbo232 Cartridge (Up to 115Kbps)
USA Sportster 33,6Kbps FaxModom $169.00
USR Sportster Faxmodom w/Turbo232 & Cabio ... $199.00

{Big Blue Roador V4.10 (SOGWAP) ...
CMD Utitios i mie
sityMON-64 (Wie Monitor)

LANGUAGES & COMI

BASIC 68 Compiler (Abacus) one Hie
BASIC 128 Complir (Abacus) Bemet $1300
Blitz! 64 Compiler (Skyles) ‘Chom sino
Buddy 64/128 Assembier Cut Throats! ‘$10.00
Cobol 64 (Abacus) Day in the Life of Prehistoric Man $19.00
Pascal 64 (Abacus) Escape Route $19.00
Powar C (Spinnakar). Folony $10.00
Froggor $10.00
Grand Prix Circuit $10.00
Collotio Uttios (Handy G008 UUt08)yosnnonseonn $19.05 Guora $10.00
Dosk Pack Pius $29.00 Hardball. $1000
Owoozis Groatost Hits (aw iccid Simp Labeda). $30.00 Heavenbound $19.95
FONTPACK Plus. $25.00 etand of the Dragon $19.00
(utaWay 64 o 12 (Speci Worson) $22.95 loraan vs Sic: Onan One $000
gocCalc 64/128 '$40.00/545.00 Kings of the Beach $10.00
Seochart $29.00 Lons of the Universe $19.95
Boorax $9.95 Mainrame $13.00
GooFie 6/128 '$40/00/$45.00 Mean Streets $10.00
(GooMakoBoot(Makos Bootable copies) '$12.95 Monaco $15.00
GoeProgrammor $15.00 RUN C64 Gamopak or Ci28 Funpak Specty) .. $10.00
"UBT kato or Dio 13.00,
ey ee ca v4 ‘Tho Prosident Is Missing! $10.00
poosHELt v2.2 (cli is G8) aa.gs, 1 Tine ocgee Bh
Intemational FONTPACK, $25.00 78 og
Partect Print LO tor GEOS (Lasorsike cuipii) $40.95 Total Eclipse $10.00
RUN GEOS Companion $20.00 Walkorz $ie00
RUN GEOS Power Pak | or li (Speciy) $20.00 War in Midgie Earth $10.00
Wheels 64 (GEOS Upgrade, req. GEOS 64) ..” $36.00 Wings of Circe $19.00

Wheels 128 (GEOS Upgrade, req. GEOS 128)
MIDI & SOUND

BOOKS

‘Anatomy of the 1541 =

Digimaster-.......... $34.95 C-64 ny

iB Symphony Sie Cia, 34485 Ciao Computer Adna Oesgn $000

Te Caged hist or Apoytmiconposal $16.00 C128 Computer Aded Dea aac0
EDUCATIONAL CCommadore 64 Ticks and Tips $800

Compiler Design & Implementation for the C64
GEOS Programmers Reference Guide
Graphics Book for the C-€4 :
Hitchhikers Guide to GEOS
Ideas for Use on Your C-64
Printer Book for the C64.
Mapping the C664

‘Advonturos w/ Fractions (agos 10-14)
Expeditions (ages 6-15)

Pro-Reading (ages 3-7)

Spoling Bee (ages 8-13)

Tho Glass Computer (ages 12+)

Tho Market Place (ages 8-14) .
Where in Europe is Carmen Sanbiego?
Whore in the World s Carmen SanDiego? ...

¥ ¥ ¥ All Major Credit Cards Accepted ¥ ¥ ¥
Mastercard * Visa * Discover » American Express

Creative Micro Designs, Inc.

P.O. Box 646 Info: (413) 525-0023
East Longmeadow, MA 01028 Fax: (413) 525-0147
Visit our Web Site at: http:/www.cmdweb.com/

CrAD

THE HOT NEW UPGRADE
FOR GEOS 64 & GEOS 128

If you've been waiting for GEOS to get better, faster and more
efficient, your wait is over! Click Here Software's Wheels takes
GEOS to the next level, with full integrated support for all the latest
hardware. Wheels also adds many features not previously available
in GEOS, as well as some that could only be had by buying or adding
other utilities and patches. GEOS is really going someplace, and it
has the Wheels to get there!

wees 6¢ $36.00 wneeis 128 $40.00

Minimum requirements for Wheels: GEOS 64 (lor Wheels 64) or GEOS 128 (for Wheels
128), 1541 or 1571 disk drive, mouse or joystick, and 128K or larger RAM expander.

Novaterm

Join the Telecommunications Revolution... get
on the Information Super Highway TODAY!

~ New faster 80 column modos: Sof-80 on
-64 (enhanced scrolling w/ REU); and
25- of 2-line C-128 VDC 80-col. mode.

+ Use any memory device as a bulfer
including: 1710 REU, RAMLink partition,
GeoRAM, C128 VDC, BBGRAM, and
internal C64 memory.

* Easy-to-use — novice user configuration

+ Now supports UUencode and UUdecode
and convert les on disk orin abutter, Also
ASCII <> PETSCII and PETSCII to Unix.

+ Protocal support: Zmodem up/download,
resume (crash recovery), streaming to
buffer; Ymodem batch; Ymodem-g;

Xmodem-1k; Xmodem-1k-g(to butter);
Xmodem-CRC; Punter; Kermit; WXmodem,

* Supports High Speed Interlaces like
Turbo232 tor speeds up to 230Kbps,

+ Supports ANSI color/graphics, VT102, and
VT52 in 80 col. Plus Commodore color
graphics and ANSI color. All emulation
‘modules now load from one window.

Now Just

+ New text capture features:Capture text on-
line and store in any device; High-speed
transtors directly into memory and now
retain buffer contents with battery/power
backed RAM devices such as RAMLink

+ Enhanced fullfeatured Text editor can now
load/save files from the buffer and has
an integrated script compiler.

* Script language for automatic operations

+ Simple BBS mode - diakin downloading
+ Supports realtime clocks in CMD devices
+ All now user's manual

Increase Speed Up to 1500% while
retaining 100% compatibility

$29.95
(Specify 5.25" or 3.5" disk)

UPS 2nd
Day Alr

$16.00"
$17.50"

Next
Day

[-eaue

$575 | CALL | CALL
CALL

CALL | $29.
CALL | $38.00"
CAL |
CALL
UPS C.0.D. add $5.00 (US only)

Order Subtotal
$0.01 to $19.99
$20.00 to $29.99
"$30.00 to $59.99
1360.00 to $149.99
'3150.00 to $290.99
'5300.00 to $799.09
{$800.00 and up

[sors | cate
CALL
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$16.00 | CALL

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* Other shipping methods avallablo. Call for details
Pouicies: CMD accepts: Major CrecitCards, Money Orders, COD and Personal Checks
Personal Checks are hold 3 weeks. Customer is responsible for shipping charges on
fofused packages. Most itoms are stock, contact CMD for fim dolivery. Rlotums for
‘merchandise credit only within 20 days with prior authorization. Credits ae foss shipping,
handing, taxes, customs, duties, and a 15% restocking charge. No rel or crodits on
opened software. Al prices and specications are subject to change without notice. CMD
Business Hours: (Ordors) M-F, 9AM-5:30PM EST (Tech Suppor} MF. 1PM-5.30 PM EST

CMD SPECIALS

CURRENT OR NEW COMMODORE WORLD SUBSCRIBERS ONLY!

CMD 1750XL 2 MEGABYTE REU

HURRY! ONLY 30 LEFT IN STOCK!

This may be your last chance to purchase a brand new CMD
00 1750XL REU (RAM Expansion Unit). These units were designed
using the Commodore REC Controller chip, and now that we're

nearly out of these components, we'll have to discontinue the
product. If you ever wanted to own an REU, you won't want to
miss out on this final eal a

ore World subscribers only while quantities lst or until Stay 31, 1999. IMPORTANT: You MUST n

SurenCPuU COMING SOON!
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with up to 16MB of . sn COMMODORE
ante RY “| 128 & C64
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SuperCPU 64 $179.00
SuperCPU 64 w/0 MB SupeRAM $219.00
secpuerwanesucnan sxe | POWER SUPPLIES
SuperCPU 64 w/8 MB SurerRAM $278.00
SuperCPU 64 w/16 MB SurenRAM $318.00 $64.95
SuperCPU 128 $239.00 Focal califa'Guliohing Powisr Sindly Bes)
lepairable Switching Power Supply Design

alse 16 vay ae ade pay Outputs: +5 VDC @ 4.5 A, +12 VDC @ 1.2A,9 VAC @ .55A

uper bs pla z Built-in cooling fan for longer life expectancy
SuperCPU 128 w/8 MB SurenRAM $338.00 Comes with C64 or C128 connector installed

SuperCPU 128 w/16 MB SureRRAM $378.00 Available approximately 4/15/99.

Offer valid while special quantities last, of through May 31, 1999

POWER SUPPLIES CMD Service Center

C-64/64C (New stock 9vacta/svoc 1.7A) $29.00 Reasonable Rates * Quality Work

C-64/64C (New svacta/Svoc 1.7A REPAIRABLE) $39, Computer & Drive Repairs ° Reset Switches
1541-I1/1581 (New stocx cas) $25.00 . i
1571 (useo, But THOROUGHLY TESTED) :20.”] Keyboard Cleaning * Device Select Switches

CALL FOR AUTHORIZATION BEFORE SENDING ANY ITEM

You may now reach CMD on the Internet at:
HTTP://WWW.CMDWEB.COM/
TECHNICAL SUPPORT: SUPPORT@CMDWEB.COM * SALES: SALES@CMDWEB.COM

Prices do not include shipping charges, and are subject to change without notice, All items subject to availability, call before ordering. See our main ad for shipping ries)

IN REVIEW

IMAGE PROCESSING SOFTWARE FOR THE MASSES

GoDot; US$34.95; Authors: Arndt Dettkeand
Wolfgang Kling.

You may never have thought about it in
these terms, but computer graphics have
evolved like everything else. From stick
figures to high-resolution, full color, 3D
displays, computer graphics have come a
long way.

So has the way people think about
creating graphics. In the beginning, it was
considered enough to draw lines: connect
point A to point B. Then, people began to
think about how nice it would be to draw
more than just lines—they wanted shapes and
colors, and greater flexibility in putting them
together. Some of the world's great paint
programs were born. On the 64, you might use
GeoPaint, Blazing Paddles, Advanced Art
Studio, iPaint, or any one of dozens more.

Andas these paint programs were perfected,
people began to look at their work, It was
good, but perhaps a clever shading effect was
needed. Maybe it was too bright or too dark.
Maybe they wanted to do some radical special
effects that their paint programs didn’t allow.
That is how the image processor was born: to
do the special effects that paint programs often
lack.

GoDot is an image processor for the 64.
There are no brushes, circle tools, or erasers.
Instead, GoDot offers a large array of image
processing effects (called “modules” in the
program.) You can load images from a variety
of popular formats, including the Amiga’s IFF
and the PC's GIF and PCX formats. Your work
can besaved to most of these formats, although
GoDot does not have a GIF saver.

GoDot borrowed heavily from image
processors on other platforms, so some

COMMODORE WORLD

GoDot's modular point and click user interface.

elements of the design may be familiar.
GoDot's main screen controls much of the
program, but many modules have their own
settings. You'll spend a great deal of your time
working with the “Image Operator” settings,
because that’s how you select which module
you want to use—that is, which effect you want
to apply to your work image. Some modules are
also used to control system settings, or even to
play games or run a screen saver!

Image processing is also different from
painting in that you do not get results
immediately, in real time. Instead, an effect
can take several seconds, sometimes a minute
or more to complete. When it is done, you
render the resulting picture to the screen to
inspect it, and rendering to the screen in
GoDot also takes considerable time. Image
processing requires planning and patience,
although it is easy to get started.

GoDot Basics

First, you select what sort of image you're
going to load in the Loader module section.
Then, you actually load the image into
memory. You can view a thumbnail in the

18

middle-right of the main screen, or render
the entireimage out (in either 320x200 hires
or 160x200 multicolor modes) if you want
to verify what your image looks like in
GoDot. Next, select what effect to apply in
the Image Operators area. Click Execute,
and GoDot is on the case. A vertical line
passes through the thumbnail area to
indicate progress in processing your effect.

When that's finished, you re-display your
image. If you like the results, you can apply
more effects, or save the results. That's all!

Of course, that's not really all. Not all
effects are really appropriate for an entire
image. Perhaps only a certain area should
get that airbrush effect you're looking for. In
that case, you first use GoDot’s “ClipWorks”
module to define the area you will work with,
instruct GoDot to only consider that area when
applying your effect, and then apply the actual
effect module to the image.

GoDot's rendering engine is quite powerful.
Not only can it display any image as either hi-
res or multicolor and in any color depth from
2 to 16, but it has palette swapping (assigning
one color to replace another in your image)
and easy to use balance and contrast controls
toadjust the levels. Balance and contrast, when
used carefully, can really achieve some
dramatic results ina picture, and the best part
about them is that they don’t take any extra
time to do their work. (You do need to re-
render the image after you change the balance
or contrast, however.)

GoDot In Practice

In practice, I found GoDota pleasant surprise.
1 was able to bring pictures over from other
platforms and load them right into GoDot,
although ifthey started in a larger size or with
substantially more colors, they often required

Issue 25

some tweaking before they looked “right.”
GoDot sample images youimport
from other 64 programs, will of course be
easier to get started with immediately.

I found the array of modules to be pretty
impressive. You can perform a variety of the
same kinds of effects expensive programs on
other platforms do, and since GoDot is easy to
expand, we can only hope that more will be on
their way,

However, I should make a very important
point. I enjoyed using GoDot, but I have a
SuperCPU and an REU, as well as three disk
drives. I would have to say that to truly get
good use from GoDot, you should consider a
two-floppy system and some form of high-
speed disk access an absolute minimum, with
a SuperCPU and an REU highly advisable, It
would also be a good idea if at least one of
those floppy drives had higher storage than a
standard 1541 (a 1571 in two-sided mode, a
1581, an FD, an HD, a RAMLink,
SOMETHING.)

and im:

Issue 25

The Battletech
screen image
(left) was
processed
through Godot’s
mosaic module
(right).

With only one floppy drive, you will find
yourself flipping disks like mad to get to all of
the modules you want to use, as well as get to
your work disk to save your progress. As for
the SuperCPU, it will greatly assist with
rendering and apply effects. Hires pictures
can literally take a minute or more to display
to the screen, and some of the more
complicated effects, like Motion Blur, can take
al minutes ona stock 64. As for the REU,
it can be used as storage for render, loading,
and saving modules, as well as for undo.
Presently, GoDot can address up to 1.5 megs
of REU memory.

One caveat on the SuperCPU: although it is
fully compatible, there is a problem with the
joystick routine that can cause “extra clicks”
that can be inconvenient while making
selections in GoDot. You can get around the
problem by switching Turbo off when in the
interface and turning it back on for rendering
and applying effects, but this is certainly
unappealing and unfortunate.

sev

The image of a Navajo
indian woman (right) was
filtered using the
watercolor module
(below right).

Among the graphic
images included with
GoDot is this amazing
rendering of three
champaign glasses (left).

19

The documentation of GoDot is not as long
as I would have liked, but it does have some
very useful tutorials. You should set aside some
time to work with them to geta true feel for the
program and how image processing works.

At $35, GoDot is good value for the money,
especially for the ability to share graphics with
other platforms. It might not be money well
spent on a bottom-end system, but on the
other hand, it might be the reason you need to
upgrade,

-Jason Compton
3)

COMMODORE WORLD

HARD TIPS

by Doug Cotlan & Mark Fellows

Inthisinstallment of Hard Tips we present a means of
connecting a standard ‘PC’ floppy disk drive
mechanism to a 1581 disk drive controller.

We used a Teac FD235HF-6240-U5 mechanism,
which is both a double-density and high-density
mechanism. In using such a mechanism, there are a
couple ofimportant things to note: (1) The controller
in the 1581 is only capable of working in double-
density mode, and (2) the pin-out of modern drives
differs in some respects from the drives originally
installed in the 1581, The instructions presented here
provide the modifications necessary toadapt the 1581
controller board for these differences.

Once the modifications have been performed, there
area couple of additional issues to deal with. First, the
ribbon cable that attaches the drive mechanism to the
controller board may need a 180-degree twist in order
to plug into Connector CN2 correctly. It’s important
to verify this to avoid damaging your 1581 controller
card. Second, there is near zero chance that you'll find
a mechanism that will match up with the physical
layout of the 1581 front panel, so you'll either have to
run without a front, or you can do some fancy cutting
with the 1581's front panel to allow
installed mechanism (see picture on the

Cut the trace leading to R2 on
the top ofthecircuit board. This
trace comes from pin 3 of
Connector CN2. You can see
this cut justabove the left leg of
R2 in the picuture above.

above.

Cut the trace leading to R15 on
thetopofthe circuit board. This
trace comes from pin
Connector CN2. You can see
this cut just to the right of the
bottomleg of R15in the picture

INSTALLING A STANDARD PG
DRIVE MECHANISM IN A
COMMODORE 1581

4 of

|

COMMODORE WORLD

20

Solder three jumpers onto the bottom of the 1581 circuit board:
* Jumper Jl - Connect the end of R15 farthest from CN2 to
GROUND. This provides a constant READY signal.
+ Jumper J2- Connect pin 34 of CN2 to the open end of R2. This
completes the process of re-routing the DISK CHANGE signal.
+ JumperJ3-Connect pin 2 ofCN2to GROUND. This will force the
drive mechanism into double-density mode.

1581 Controller - Bottom Side

Se .

E 3 sso

SEE E Ee CUEEnEe VOOu

Pouvoeshsb esse

oeoe

Issue 25

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Issue 25 21 COMMODORE WORLD

Carrier Detect

By Gaolyne R. Gasson

GETTING MORE OUT OF PINE

This issue we're going to explore Pine, one of the
most feature-rich Email programs available for
text-based Internet use. This isn't a Commodore
program, Internet providers have it online for
shell account customers to use when reading
and replying to Email. It has easy to follow menu
choices at the bottom of every screen, and an
easy to use editor named “pico” with the same
type of menu system.

Recently I started using a new system after
several years of being quite comfortable with my
personal set up of Pine. I discovered all over again whatit’sliketo bea “new
user” and thought it would be good to review some of Pines’ more useful
features and those items that sometimes cause confusion.

Get the Latest

If the version of Pine on your Internet provider is under v4.00, ask your
System Administrator to install the current one (v4.05 as of this writing).
Pine v4.00 came outlast July and has the ability to launch your online web
browser (usually Lynx) while reading Email. Thisishandy when you come
to a web page reference in Email that you'd like to view. When you quit
Lynx, you're returned to the Email message. Sweet!

Another new feature is the ability to access remote Email boxes (if you
have more than one Internet account) using POP3. However, the
documentation suggests you should use a program named fetchmail
instead, as this feature isstill in the development stage. Fetchmail is a Unix
utility that retrieves mail from other Email accounts you have, and yes, if
it's available on your ISP, you can use it.

If you've ever wondered if we could use PGP (Pretty Good Protection)
encryption, the answer is yes, with CryptoPine (http://www.arquired.es/
users/dani/linux/). Using PGP you can exchange encrypted Email, and it
gives you the ability to sign Email that others can verify. This means people
have a way to check that it was really you who sent the message.

COMMODORE WORLD

22

Starting Pine

Normally, youstart Pine from the commandline
by typing the word “pine” and pressing return. If
you've been using it for awhile, you might have
noticed ‘pine-debug' filesin yourhome directory.
These can be ignored or you can turn them offby
starting Pine with the command:

pine -d @

Note that there’sa space between theletterdand
number zero. If you haven't seen these files in your home directory, ignore
this suggestion as your system administrator has compiled Pine without
this um, feature.

Config Settings

From Pine’s Main Menu, select <s> for Setup, then <c> for Configure.
You'll find a long list of various things you can change about how Pine
works. Some items will need a word or filename typedin. To do this, press
the letter <c>” to change a text item, or you can add additional items by
pressing <a>. Other optionsare toggled on or off with the return key when
the item is highlighted. Some of the phrases used in the configuration list
are mind-blowing, but youcan get a description of what an option does by
highlighting it and pressing the question mark. In the rest of this article,
ifthere’san option that needs to be changed from the configuration menu,
it’s listed just below the article heading. In addition to this method, you
may havea file in home directory named .pinerc that's also used to change
how Pine works for you. In this article, we'll stay with the program's
configuration menu.

Quick Searches

Tomakethingsalittle easier tofind in Pine, pressing <w> (or <CTRL><w>)
lets you search for words (or phrases), and will position the cursor on the

Issue 25

first instance it finds. Using the keystroke again takes you to the next
occurrence of the word (or you can use search for another word). Search
is available almost everywhere in Pine, including while viewing lists,
reading or replying to mail and in the configuration menu.

Telling Pine to behave more like Lynx
The following four options make Pine behave similar to Lynx by
highlighting URLsand fileattachments so you can select them for viewing:

url-viewers= /usr/bin/lynx
enable-msg-view-attachments
enable-msg-view-urls
enable-msg-view-web-hostnames

The first option is one you'll need to type, and the path to Lynx must be
specified. To find out where Lynx is on your ISP, from the command line,

type:

whereis lynx
or

which lynx

If this doesn’t tell you the directory that Lynx resides in, ask your System
Administrator for the information. The last item (enable-msg-view-web-
hostnames) will highlight URLs that don’t begin with “http://". For
instance, a message with text commenting about a file at
“www.somewhere.com” will still appear as a link.

Creature Comforts

enable-sig-dashes - If you use a signature and have this enabled, your
signature will be attached to the message with two dashes and a space on
the line before the signature. When replying to mail that includes this line,
anything below itisn’tincludedin the quoted text. A disadvantage is when
replying to mail that has more than one message within it, and you want
torespond to an item below the first dashed line. It’s especially noticeable
when replying to mailing lists that use a digest format with several
“messages” in one Email.

enable-tab-completion - This is anifty command that makes it easy to type
in file or folder names. Once this is enabled, to make use of it, when
exporting a message to your home directory, type in part of thename then
press the tab key. The file name auto-magically appears. I often save
messages to a temporary file named “temp.txt”. With this option, I need
only type “tem” and press the tab key for the entire name to appear. Tab-
completion works in many Unix programs and it’s worth trying anytime
youcan’t remember the full name, or don’t feel like typing theentirename.
If there’s more than one file matching the letters you've typed, the

Issue 25

23

information will be filled in as far as the match and you can type another
character or two and press the tab key again until the entire name appears.

enable-arrow-navigation - Now that Pine acts similar to Lynx in allowing
you to select URLs and files, the commands to exit the file viewer changed
tothe greater-than (>)andless-than keys(<), ortheirun-shifted equivalents
of the comma (,) and period (.). With “enable-arrow-navigation” turned
on, you can use your cursor keys (or the <4> and <6> on the C128
keyboard) to exit out of the viewer screen. It's similar to Lynx keystrokes
for returning to a previous web page.

Enable-arrow-navigation changes how the cursor keys work when
viewing a list of files or folders. Instead of being able to move up or down
a list of files, the right cursor key is used. I turned this option off because
of this effect, but you might want to give it a try.

enable-msg-view-forced-arrows - This turns highlighting and linking off for
the up and down cursor keys while reading mail. You can still access the
links with <CTRL><f> (nextlink) and <CTRL><b> (previous link), butit's
not as convenient.

Selecting and Applying Commands to Messages
enable-aggregate-command-set - With this option turned on, you can
select multiple messages to apply a command to several messages all
at the same time. It’s useful for exporting or deleting many messages
allat once, and you can also “zoom in” to see only the messages you've
selected. It's not as easy to use as it could be, but it’s certainly a move
in the right direction. | find the more I use it, the more comfortable I
become with it.

Individual messages are selected with the colon key (:). For multiple
message selection, use the semi-colon key (;). A small menu at the bottom
ofthe screen lets you determine which messages to select, The choices are:
Current message, All, message Number, Text (includes Header text),
Status or Date. Each of these have further options, such as selecting all
messages that are To, From or CC’d to the same address as the current
message is on. Once messages are selected this way, they appear as either
bold, underlined or highlighted, depending on your terminal emulation.

To apply a command to the selected Emails, press the <a> key (for
apply) and select from the options that appear on the menu at the
bottom of the screen. A few of the options given (depending on your
configuration) include: Delete, Undelete, Forward, Reply, Save, Export,
and Take address. Press the <z> key to “zoom in” and view a list of just
the selected messages.

Sorting it Out

sort-key (permanent change) or $ (temporary sorting) - Generally, I prefer
to read my mail in the order that it’s arrived, but there are times such as
when I've been away fora few days that I need amore organised approach.
The sort-key option in the configuration menu has several options for the
order the mail is listed in. Sometimes it’s easier to keep the sort-key set at

COMMODORE WORLD

the default setting (“arrival”) and use the “$” (<SHIFT><4>) command
while viewing the message list. This gives the same options but it’s a
temporary change. One advantage of using the “$” command to sort a list
of messages, is you can then see messages grouped together so you can
select them to perform other operations. If you need to get a series of
messages in a certain order (such as by date) to export them toa text file,
this can be a real help.

Telling Pine to Quote Messages in Replies
include-text-in-reply - When | first looked for this command, I used the
word “quote” because it seemed logical, but this is the option to select if
you want to quote a message you're replying to. Pine offers other choices
suchas the ability to include headers or fileattachmentsin replies, but this
is the most useful one.

Quoting Only a Few Lines

When all of the text is included in the message, it’s polite to delete excess
text from your reply. Use <CTRL><k> to delete extra lines of text. More
information on using cut and paste are given below.

Recognizing Commodore Files in Pine (and Lynx)
mimetype-search-path = /home/yourname/mime.types-Ifyou send or receive
Commodore files via Email, it’s best to let Pine know what files can be sent
(ordisplayed) as text, and which it should handle with care and not change
in any way (binary). “Application/octet-stream” means to treat it as a
binary file, not as text. There's an option in Pine’s configui menu that
ks for the path and name of your mime-types file. This is a short text file
listing filename extensions (like .arc, .sfx, .sda, .prg ete.) that’s used by
Pine and Lynx to determine whether to display a file (text) or treat it as
binary file.

You can download the mime.types file from http://ftp.videocam.net.au/
chm/mime.types or you can create one using pico. Create a file with the
name ‘mime.types’ in your home directory. Here's an example of what to
type:

application/octet-stream c64 arc ark sfx sda
prg lnx sdi 128 cvt wr3

Back in Pine, change the path for the mimetype-search-path to match your
system, In some Pine setups, the mimetype-search-path doesn’t exist. In
this case, have a chat with your system administrator and explain that
you'd like the Commodore extensions added to the system's MIME
definition table or mime.types file. Give them the list of Commodore
extensions above (with any additional ones you've added). Keep the
mime.types file in your directory, as Lynx will make use of it as well.

Sending Files
iles are sent by attaching them to your Email message. Here are the steps
you'll need to take to do this successfully:

1) Upload thefile. Ifyou're using Novaterm, haveit set for NO translation
(this only applies to binary files and text files you don't want altered
in any way).

2) Start pine with:

pine friends.email@address.here

COMMODORE WORLD

24

Naturally you'll need to substitute the actual Email address of the
person you're sending the file to.

3) While your cursor is still in the header (the To/Subject area of the
message), press <CTRL><j>.

4) Attach the file
a) A line will appear at the bottom of the screen asking:

File to Attach:

Ifyou know the name (you did give it a really easy filename, right?)
type it in.

b)Ifyou can’t remember the name, press the <CTRL><t>. This gives
you a list of your directory and you can cursor to the file and press
return over it.

c) A new prompt will appear: “Attachment comment:” Type the
name of the file here. This is used to tell the mail program your
friend uses what the filename is. Don't use a description - use the
actual filename. At the bottom of your screen, you should see text
similar to:

[File /home/yourname/geewhiz.prg attached
as type APPLICATION/octet-stream] .

text file it would say

[File /home/yourname/geewhiz.prg attached
as type TEXT/PLAIN] .

d)In the body part of the message, write a short note to your friend:

This is the latest Geewhiz program I want you
to try out.

Press <CTRL><x> to send it.

Receiving Files

If the file is a BASE64 MIME file that Pine recognises, you won't see any
encoded information (as you would if it were a uuencoded file). Instead,
you'll see a notice from Pine at the top of your message similar to:

Part/Attachments:
1 shown 44 lines text
2 OK 13 kb application

If you've enabled the enable-msg-view-attachments option, these are
presented as links you can cursor to and select. Otherwise, you can press
<v> for view. In either case, highlight the file name, and then press the
letter <s> for save. The file is saved in your home directory. Exit Pine, and
download the file.

Using Pipe Commands to Decode Files
enable-unix-pipe-cmd- Pine doesn't recognise uuencodes or QWERR v5's
Base64 MIME format, but you can still decode these files while reading
mail. To do this, you'll need to have “enable-unix-pipe-cmd' enabled.

The online programs you'll need are munpack or metamail for MIME
files, and uudecode for uuencode files.

Issue 25

MEETING 64/128 USERS
THROUGH THE MAIL

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Now you can have proper support for
all your CMD devices

Wheels requires the following.

GEOS
1541 for the initial installation
Ram expansion (most types supported)

Wheels 64 $36

piss $4 for shipping and

ling to North American

Wheels 128 $40 ileaets or $6 ebbewhere

send check or money order to Far mara information phone:
Click Here Software Co. 1-517-543-5202
P.O. Box 606 or visit www.people.delphi.convarca93
Charlotte MI 48813

Issue 25 25

COMMODORE WORLD

‘The pipe symbol is used to tell Pine you want to “pipe the message to a
Unix command”. The keystroke for the pipe symbol (it looks like “I"),
varies depending on your term program. In Novaterm, it's the
<SHIFT><£>, in Desterm it’s <ALT><.> (period) and in Dialogue, it’s
<SHIFT><@>.

When you receivea file in Email and want to decodeit, type “I” (the Pipe
command) and Pine will respond with a message at the bottom of the
screen similar to:

Pipe message 12 to:

Enter the name of the program you want to use, such as uudecode,
munpack, or metamail. Pine may give an ‘error message’, but usually the
file has decoded just fine. To find out, exit Pine and list your home
directory. You should find the file with the same name as what was given
within the message.

Stop Getting Dead Letter Files

quell-dead-letter-on-cancel - By default if you start an Email and then
cancel it without sending, Pine will save the cancelled letter in your home
directory as “dead. letter”. Ifyou turn this option “on”, it will putan end to
dead. letters cluttering up your directory.

How to Use Search and Replace in Pine (and Pico)
enable-search-and-replace - Search and replace is a new feature, and to
enable it you need to set the option in the configuration menu. To use it
while editing a message, press <CTRL><w> (forsearch), andenter the text
that you want to find. Before pressing return, press <CTRL><r>. This
changes the prompt to:

Search (to replace):

Now press return. The first instance of the word or string you want to
replace is highlighted, and you are prompted:

Replace <text string> with:

‘Type in the replacement string, then (to replace all instances) press the
<CTRL><x> keys, Press <RETURN> to enter. You will be prompted again
to confirm each replacement. Hopefully all the extra prompting will be
removed in future versions when you've selected <CTRL><x> for “replace
all”.

Useful Editing Commands

<CTRL><a> Go to beginning of a line
<CTRL><e> Go to the end of a line
<CTRL><y> Go to top of the message
<CTRL><v> Go to end of the message.
<CTRL><w> Search

Cutting and Pasting Entire lines
<CTRL><k> delete lines of text
<CTRL><u> restore text deleted with <CTRL><k>

Highlight method

Move the cursor to where you wish to start cutting text (this can be in the
middle of a line). Press <CTRL><*>. (The <*> key is the Up-Arrow key
near the Restore key. On non-Commodore keyboards, it's <SHIFT><6>or

COMMODORE WORLD

26

<*>.) Now move the cursor keys to highlight text (in any direction) and
position the cursor so it's one character after what you want to cut. Press
<CTRL><k> to cut/delete the highlighted text. To paste the text, place
cursor where you want the text, and press <CTRL><u>.

While the text is highlighted, you can use <CTRL><y> or <CTRL><v>
to page up or down and can also use <CTRL><w> to search for text, to
make selecting a large chunk for deletion or copying faster. To highlight to
the end of the file, highlight the text and press <CTRL><w> followed by
<CTRL><v>.

Online Pine Resources

A few months ago when I switched systems and started using the updated
version of Pine, the thought briefly crossed my mind I should check into
the docs and see what new features were there for me to use. As usual
though, I had too much to do and not enough time to do it in and didn't
make the time. Looking back in hindsight, a few minutes reading the docs
could have had me using some of the best time-saving features of Pine ages
ago. Maybe this article has saved you a minute or two in your day. Enjoy!

Useful Pine Document Locations
http://www.washington.edu/pine/faq/
http://www.washington.edu/pine/
http://www.memaster.ca/cis/help/pinestrt.htm

Gaelyne Gasson is the author of “The Internet for Commodore C64/128
Users”. Her Home page is at http://videocam.net.au/gaelyne/
®

Gaelyne Gasson is the author of “The Internet for Commodore
64/128 Users” and can be contacted via Email at
gaelyne@cmdweb.com or visit her web site at: http://
videocam,net,au/~gaelyne,

Mental Health Hotline Automated Answering System

Hello, and welcome to the Mental Health Hotline...
If you are obsessive-compulsive, press 1 repeatedly.
If you are co-dependent, please ask someone to press 2 for you.
If you have multiple personalities, press 3, 4, 5 and 6,
If you are paranoid, we know who you are and what you want... Stay
on the line so we can trace your call.
If you are delusional, press 7 and your call will be transferred to the
mother ship.
If you are schizophrenic, listen carefully and a small voice will tell you
which number to press.
If you are a manic-depressive, it doesn't matter which number you
press... no-one will answer.
Ifyou have a nervous disorder, please fidget with the hash key until a
representative comes on the line.
If you have amnesia press 8 and state your name, address, phone
number, date of birth, social security number and your mother's
maiden name.
If you have post-traumatic stress disorder, slowly and carefully press
000.
If you have bi-polar disorder, please leave a message after the beep
or before the beep ... Or after the beep ... Please wait for the beep.
If you have short-term memory loss, press 9... If you have short-term
memory loss, press 9... If you have short-term memory loss, press 9...
If you have short-term memory loss, press 9...
Ifyou have low self esteem, please hang up ... All of our operators are
too busy to talk to you.

Issue 25

CHECKSUM

Commodore World s Program Entry Checking Program
and Tips on Entering Programs from this Magazine

CHECKSUMisa program that proofreads your typing when youentera listing from
the magazine. It assigns a numerical value to each character that you type, adds up
thevalues of the line you typed and displays the sum. (Checksum, therefore, means
that it checks your typing by summing the characters.) It also verifies that you have
typed the characters in the proper order. (Checksum won't tell you ifyou missaline
of code entirely, so verify that yourself.) Checksum runs “in the background” when
you type in lines of program code. Whenever you type a line and press RETURN,
Checksum will display a value. Compare that value to the value published next to
the line of code in the magazine. If the numbers match, you've typed the line
correctly. Simple,

Typing in CHECKSUM

First, type in Checksum carefully from the listing on this page. Be sure to press
RETURNafter every line to enteritintomemory. Onceyouhave typed the program,
Save it, In fact, save it a few times while you're typing, just to be safe. (This is good
advice whenever you type ina program. I usually change the name each time I save;
forexample, Checksum, Checksum2, and soon.) Double-checkyourwork, making
sure that you've typed in every lineand that you've pressed RETURN after every line
you've typed, If youmake errors when typing in Checksum, a test run of Checksum
will tell you which lines incorrect. (This safety feature works only in the Checksum
program itself, and does not apply toany otherlistingsin the magazine.) Whenever
you find a typing error (in any program listing), fix it, press RETURN to enter the
change, save the program again and try another run, Repeat this process as often as
necessary. Important tip: Don't get discouraged if the program won't run. Be
patient, Be thorough. It will work eventually. You'll know your Checksum is ready
when you see the line:

TO TOGGLE ON OR OFF, SYS XXXX

Entering Programs Using CHECKSUM

When you're ready to type in your first listing from the magazine, load and run
Checksum. Makea note ofthenumber thatis displayed on the screen (49152 forthe
C-64; 3328 for the C-128). To activate and deactivate Checksum, type SYS followed
by that number, then press RETURN. You need to have Checksum active whenever
you're typing in a listing. Checksum must be deactivated, however, when you run
the new program, The next step is typing in a new program listing as it appears in
the magazine,

As you begin, you'll notice that to the left of the start of each line is a number.
Don't type this number in: It’s simply the Checksum value. Stop typing at the end
of the program line and press RETURN. If you've typed the line correctly, the
number displayed on the screen will match the Checksum value. If the numbers
don’t match, you've made a mistake. Check the line carefully, make your changes
and press RETURN, The computer won't know you've made a change unless you
press RETURN on the changed line to enter it. A few type-in hints: The Checksum
does not verify blank spaces in the program lines unless they are within quotation
marks, because adding or omitting such spaces will not affect the operation of the
program, The exception to this is hexadecimal Data statements. These are the Data
statements, such as this one, that don’t have commas:

100 DATA 12345678901234567890*123456789012345
67890*12345678901234567890*

In statements such as these, you must have one space between the word DATA and.
the numbers that follow. Checksum will not catch that error.

Issue 25

27

Special Key Combinations

Asyou type, you may be confused the first time you see curly braces (}. These braces
mean “perform the function explained within.” For example, (22 SPACES} means
that you need to press the space bar 22 times. Don't type the braces (you can't, of
course, because thereare no curly bracesin the Commodore character set). Hereare
some other common examples:

{CLEAR/HOME} hold down the SHIFT key and press the CLR-HOME key,

(2CRSRDN} tap the cursor down key twice,
{CTRL i} hold the CONTOL key and press the I key.
{CMDR 1) hold down the COMMODORE key and press the T key,

Continue typing in your program, saving often and checking each checksum value
with the one in the magazine, until you've finished the listing. Phew! Sonow you're
ready to run your program, right? Not quite. First, save it. Second, deactivate
Checksum by typing SYS followed by 49152 for the C-64 or 3328 for the C-128. Now
youcan run. Don'tbediscouragedifyoustill get an error. Ithappens. Use Checksum
faithfully. Be patient. Be thorough. It will work eventually.

®

CHECKSUM

100 rem cw checksum 64/128
110 mo=128:sa=3328
120 if peek(65533)<>255 then mo=64:s
130 i=0:cl ch=0:1n=300
to 16
for j=1 to 10
read b:if b>255 then
ch=ch+b:poke sati,

140

£ lc<>ch then goto 280
n+10

pokesa+110, 240:pokesa+111,38:pokesa+140, 234

printchr$ (147) :print*ew checksum*;str$(mo) sprint
print*to toggle on or off, sys*;sa:if mo=128 then 270
pokesat13, 124:pokesa+15, 165:pokesa+25, 124:pokesa+26, 165
pokesa+39,20:pokesa+41, 21:pokesa+123, 205:pokesa+124, 189
pokesa+4, int (sa/256):sys sa:new

print*you have a data error in line";1n;"!*:end

rem do not change these data statements!

data 120,162,24,160,13,173,4,3,201, 24,884

data 208,4,162,13,160,67,142,4,3, 140,903

data 5,3,88,96,32,13,67,152,72,169,697

data 0,141,0,255, 133,176,133, 180, 166,22,1206

data 164,23,134,167,132,168,170,189,0,2,1149

data 240,58,201,48,144,7,201,58,176,3,1136

Gata 232,208,240, 189,0,2,240,42, 201,32, 1386

data 208,4,164,180,240,31,201,34,208,6,1276

data 165,180, 73,1,133,180,230, 176,164,176, 1478

data 165,167,24,125,0,2,133,167,165,168,1116

data 105,0, 133,168,136, 208,239,232, 208, 209,1638

data 169,42,32,210,255,165,167,69,168,170, 1447

data 169,0,32,50, 142,169, 32, 32,210,255, 1091

data 32,210,255, 169,13,32, 210,255,104, 168, 1448

data 96,104,170, 24,32,240, 255,104,168, 96,1289

data 56,32,240,255,138,72,152,72,24,162,1203

data ,160,0,32,240,255,169, 18,208,198, 1280

COMMODORE WORLD

Sei6 BEAT

by Doug Cotton

In this installment of 816 Beat we present PPSWPATCH, a patch
utility that extends the capabilities of Commodore BASIC (v2.0) to
allow certain commands to work with the extended RAM in a
SuperCPU. In short, this patch adds 24-bit addressing to PEEK, POKE,
SYS and WAIT. In addition, it patches the BASIC number evaluation
routines so that hexidecimal values can be used in many commands.
By modifying BASIC in this manner, programmers can now store and
retrieve data using extended memory without having to resort to
machine language. In addition, programmers can integrate machine
language subroutines that reside in extended memory.

The BASIC listing on this page, PPSWPATCH.CREATE, can be used
to create the PPSWPATCH program. Just type in the listing (use our
CHECKSUM utility to avoid errors), then RUN it. The program will
ask you which device you wish to have the patch program created on.
Once you have provided the device number, the actual PPSWPATCH
program will be written to that device. After this, you may discard the
creator program, since it is no longer needed.

Using The Patch

Once the PPSWPATCH program has been created, simply LOAD and
RUN the program to install the patches. You may now use 24-bit
addresses in any PEEK, POKE, SYS and WAIT statements in either
DIRECT or PROGRAM modes. Since the patches include converting
hexadecimal values, addresses may be specified in either decimal or
hexadecimal format. To specify a hexadecimal value, simply precede
the value with a dollar sign ($). For example:

PRINT PEEK ($CQ00)

This causes the contents of memory location 49152 (the decimal
equivalent of $C000) to be printed to the screen.

Asan added benefit, hexadecimal values will also work throughout
most other BASIC commands, which means you can do things like:

PRINT $C000

The computer will respond by printing the value 49152 on the screen.
You may also mix values in mathematical expressions. For example:

PRINT ($10+10)*$10
Here the result printed to the screen is 416 (16+10=26, 26*16=416).

Note: Hexadecimal values do not work within DATA statements,
because the READ command parses this data itself.

COMMODORE WORLD

28

PPSWPATCH: 24-BIT
ADDRESSING FOR PEEK,
POKE, SYS & WAIT

Working With SYS

When you use a SYS command to call a machine language routine, the
new patch analyzes the address supplied to determine which Bank of
memory the routine you're calling resides in. If the address is in Bank
0, a standard SYS is performed. However, ifthe address resides in any
other Bank, the patch places the processor into native 65816 mode,
then performs a JSL Jump to Subroutine Long) command to execute
the routine. Native mode is used to avoid ending up stuck in Bank 0
when interrupts get processed. JSL is used so that program execution
returns to Bank 0 after the user routine completes. For this to work
properly, you'll need an RTL (ReTurn from subroutine Long) at the
end of routines located outside of Bank 0 (instead of an RTS). The
opcode value of the RTL instruction is $6B (107 decimal). This will
cause program execution to return to the new SYS routine in Bank 0,

PRINT" {CLEAR/HOME} ";

PRINT"READY TO BUILD PPSWPATCH"
PRINT"SAVE ON WHICH DEVICE"; : INPUTDV
IF DV<8 OR DV>29 THEN GOTO 10

OPENS, DV, 8, "PPSWPATCH, P,W"

READ A$:PRINT".";:IF A$="END" THEN CL
OSE8:GOTO120

70 FORI=1TOLEN (A$) STEP2

80 H=ASC(MID$(A$,I,1))-48:IFH>9THENH=H-7
+H: L=ASC (MID$ (A$, I+1,1))-48:IFL>9T

100 C=C+L:V=L+H*16: PRINT#8 , CHRS (V) ;

110 NEXT:GOTO6®

120 PRINT: IFC<>3171THENPRINT"ERROR IN DA
TA!",C

13@ END

140 :
1000
1010
1020
1030
1040
1050
1060
1070
1080
1090
1100
1110
1120
1130
1140
1150
1160
1170

DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA

91080D08640C9E323036333AA20000
008D7EDOA26FBD86089DOOD3CAEOFF
DOF58D7 FDOAD@AO3 8D3 403ADOBO3 8D
3503A9@O8DOAO3A9D3 BDOBO3AIG148
ABA9998DFEB7A94C8DO4B8A9488D05
B8A9D3 8D96B8A9A78D18B88D40B8A9
508D19B88D41B88D2BB8A987 8D2AB8
A9DC8D44E1A9508D45E1A94C8D30E1
A9598D31E1A9D38D32E1A90048ABED
207300C924D9031A9CO850EA90O8561
859D207300F0429002E9O8E92FC910
90O9C9F7DO3 4A2GE6COOO3 48A943A0
D32028BA68207EBD4C11D3A67ADO02
C67BC67A6C3 403 B5O0O0ODOOA5 6385
52A564A465841484508515855160A5
52D006A9E1484C33E118FB2236E100
0838FB4C48E1

"END"

Issue 25

where the processor can be switched back to Emulation mode, and
control can be returned to BASIC.

Since the SYS command turns over control to user routines, care
must be taken to avoid problems that could cause system crashes. To
assist programmers in this respect, here are some simple guidelines:

1. Always end machine language routines that will be located
outside of Bank 0 and called by SYS with an RTL (ReTurn
from subroutine Long) instead of an RTS. Note: Intermediate
subroutines within your routine may still use RTS provided
they reside within the same Bank as the calling routine
(see SYS Programming Example).

w&

. Never call or jump to a Commodore Kernal routine from any
routine running outside of Bank 0. Ifyou need to access Kernal
routines, build a Kernal Interface Table (KIT) in Bank 0 (see
SYS Programming Example), and make sure that memory and
register accesses are set for 8-bit operation.

we

- Never switch the processor to Emulation mode when executing
code outside of Bank 0. Any IRQ or NMI that occurs while
doing so will end up returning to the wrong Bank after the
interrupt has been processed.

4. Always fix any changes you make to the processor before
exiting from your routine. For example, if you make a hard
change to the DBR (Data Bank Register), change it back before
exiting from your routine.

Provided you follow these guidelines, you should be able to easily
create machine language subroutines in extended memory that can be
called from BASIC (see SYSEXAMP.BAS). The SYS Programming
Example source code provides a good blueprint for creating such
subroutines. It creates a small Kernal Interface Table (KIT) at $00C000
for interfacing with two Kernal routines (GETIN and BSOUT) that are
used by the subroutine. It then calls GETIN via the KIT to obtain user
input, and checks the input. If the input is invalid, program execution
branches back to get more input; if valid, it calls BOUT via the KIT to
print the character to the screen. If the input was the RETURN key, the
program terminates; otherwise it branches back for additional input.

Hey, WAIT a Minute!

While the patch also covers the WAIT command, there is actually very
little value to having 24-bit addressing for it. Under regular conditions,
there really aren’t any addresses above Bank 0 that automatically
change. However, it has been included since an interrupt routine

L=$030000

READV: IFV=-1THEN1030
POKEL, V:L=L+1:GOTO1010
SYS ($030000)

END

DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA

32,20,0,34,4,192,0,240
250,72,34,0,192,0,104,201
13,208,240,107,162,0,191,36
0,3,208,1,96,159,0,192
@,232,208,242,32,210,255,107
32,228,255,107,-1

Issue 25

29

could be modified to cause changes to higher addresses, and it's
possible some programmers may find that necessary or useful.

Freely Distributable Source

In addition to the PPSWPATCH.CREATE program, we have also
supplied the complete source code for the PPSWPATCH utility (see
following pages). Programmers who are interested in how the utility
works, or who wish to integrate any part of the code into their own
projects, may refer to and freely use this source code.

Updates
We're looking into fixing the READ statement for hexadecimal values,
and rudimentary patches for LOAD and SAVE are already in
development. So be sure to watch this column in future issues of
Commodore World for these additional capabilities that will provide
even more advantages to programming with SuperRAM!

®

; SYS Programming Example

org $0000 yeventually $030000
obj ‘sysexamp.o'
i; simple test
jsr maketable
- «byte $22 ;JSL
«byte $04, $c0,$00 ;$00c004 (new GETIN)
beq *
pha
wbyte $22 ;JSL
sbyte $00,$c0,$00 ;$00c000 (new BSOUT)
pla
cmp #13
bne -
sbyte $6b ;RTL
; Set up a Kernal Interface Table (KIT) in Bank 0
maketable dx #0 ;elear counter
- sbyte — $bf ;LDA (abs long ind,x)
sword tabledata —; Low-High byte address
«byte $03 +Bank address
bne +
rts
+ «byte $9£ ;STA (abs long ind,x)
sbyte $00 jlow byte
sbyte $0 jhigh byte
«byte $00 ;Bank 0
inx
bne -
; data for making KIT
tabledata byte $20 JSR
-word $ffd2 ;BSOUT
sbyte $6b ;RTL
«byte $20 JSR
«word $ffed ;GETIN
sbyte $6 jRTL
«byte $00 yend of table
a)

COMMODORE WORLD

; PPSWPATCH
Version 1.0.2

; Last Modified 02/17/1999
+ Stephen L. Judd

; Mark A. Fellows
; Doug Cotton

; Patches PEEK, POKE, SYS and WAIT
; in BASIC v2.0 to allow for 24-bit
; addresses. Also modifies numeric
+ evaluation to accept hexadecimal

values (preceded by $).

org $0801

.obj —"ppswpatch'

dest = $4300
linnum = $14
num24 = $50
chrget = $73
txtptr = $Ja
getadr = $b7£7
peek = $b80d
poke = $b824
wait = $b82d

; getadr patch -> getadr+7
pladr = getadr+7
patchi = $99

; getadr patch -> getadr+$0d

.byte

«byte

«byte 0
link .word 0

; Copy code to dest

;variable
wnew 24-bit dest.
i; init ieval vector

ida
sta
lda
sta
lda
sta
lda
sta
semp #$91 -> cmp #$99

; set DBR to Bank 1

$9e

sbyte '2063:'

$a2 jnew

sta $d07e ;Scpu hw enable
dx #endcode-code
: lda code,x
sta dest.x
dex
cpx #Sft
bne =
sta $d07£ ;scpu hw disable

$030a yold ieval
$0334

$030b

$0335

#<hexeval

$030a

#>hexeval

$030b

for patches

_|

p2adr = getadr+$0d
patch2 : $4c ;imp linfetch lda #$01
pha
} peek patch -> peek+9 wbyte Sab ;plb (DBR)
p3adr = peek+11
patch3a = $a7 sida [$50]
patch3b = num24 + patch BASIC ‘ROM’ (in Bank 1 RAM)
} poke patch -> poke+4 lda #patchl igetadr
pladr = poke+6 sta pladr
patch4a = $87 jsta [$50] lda #patch2
patch4b = patch3b sta p2adr
lda #<linfetch
; wait patch -> wait+l7 sta p2adr+1
p5adr = waittl9 lda #>linfetch
patchSa == patch3a ;lda [$50] sta p2adr+2
patchSb = patch3b lda #patch3a ipeek+wait
sta p3adr
sta pSadr
+ BASIC header ida #patch3b
sta p3adr+1
link sta pSadr+1
3172 ;line number sta p4adr+1 spoke
COMMODORE WORLD 30

Issue 25

#patch4a
p4adr

$ba28 wmultiply facl by 16

ist Sbd7e jadd to facl
jmp loop

; patch sys

txtptr iback up txtptr

lda #§de vimp (] bne skip
sta $el44 dec txtptr+l
Ida #num24
sta $el45 skip dec txtptr
jmp ($0334) ;normal routine

Ida #$4c

sta $e130

lda #<syspat ; 16 in 5-byte floating point format
sta $el31 sixteen sbyte — $85, $00, $00,$00,$00
lda #>syspat

$e132

; copy bytes of facl into linnum and num24
; on exit, .y .a = linnum+l, linnun

; set DBR back to Bank 0

Ida #500 linfetch da $63 shigh

pha sta num24+2
sbyte Sab iplb (DBR) lda $64 imed
ldy $65 ilow
rts sty — linnum
sty —nun24
soffset code for dest sta Linnum+1

sta num24+1

; patch eval to read in hex values linrts rts

hexeval jsr chrget iget character

cmp #'$! jis it hex? syspat lda num24+2
bne nope ino - branch bne +
ida #$c0 iyes da #$el
sta $0e 7128+64 = 24-bit int. pha
da #0 jmp $e133
sta $61 facl=0
$0d ;valtyp = numeric + cle
byte $fb ixce 65816 Native mode
loop jsr chrget sbyte $22 ;JSL to
beq linrts byte $36,$e1,$00 ;SYS addr.
bee number php
#8 ya-f will be 10-15 sec
«byte $fb #xce back to 6502 Emulation
number sbe #47 jmp $el48
cmp #16
bee ok jean use e.g. $d0+5 now
cmp #$£7 jcheck for decimal pt. .ofe — ;re-org
linrts
endcode = ®

#14
($0300)

;illegal quantity

#<sixteen

#>sixteen

Issue 25 31 COMMODORE WORLD

1541, Sports Programs,

Dataset, All Running. 0 + S&H. Tom Robinson,
RT2 Box H.I. 22, Donalsonville, GA 31745 or 912-
861-2131.

FOR SALE:C/64w/monitor & drive w/many software
prgram: games, runs great, write or call for
details, Edward P. Kiernan, 6191 Sweet Maple
Lane, Boca Raton FLa. 33433, 561-477-7859.

C-64/C-128 Software - Computes’ Gazzette Disks;
Games; Productivity; etc. SASE to K. Braun, 1401
Univ. Blvd, G-8, Kingsport, TN 37660 for listing
and prices.

da, Mexico,
Latin America, and South America;$21,00 elsewhere. Inputand resource
Journal. Email wepat@iglou.com or v
GEOS Publication
7969 Woodcrest Dr.

Louisville, KY 40219-3859

COMMODORE WORLD
Classified Advertising

Commodore Worldsubscribers may place non-commercial
classified advertising in Commodore World at a cost of
$10.00 per issue. Your advertisement may contain up to
150 characters (including spaces). Send your
advertisement with payment to: CW Classified Advertising,
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issue number, For example;

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rand Rapids, MI 49502-0123
Jim's subscription will run out with Issue 24 as indicated by the
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early to avoid missing a single issue of Commodore World!

COMMODORE WORLD 32

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AFFORDABLE ¥ FAST ¥ DEPENDABLE

Call Today 1-800-638-3263
Our Team of Technicians are Among the
Most Qualified in the Industry!

Why Settle for Anything Less Than the Best?

We repair the following equipment: Commodore C-64, 64C, SX-64, C-128
and C128-D computers; 1541, 1541C, 1571 and 1581 Disk Drives plus
CMD Devices. JiffyDOS Installations a specialty. All repairs warranted for
30 days. Minimum charge $35.00 plus parts and return shipping. You must
contact CMD for authorization before sending any equipment.
Creative Micro Designs, Inc. P.O. Box 646 E. Longmeadow, MA 01028

Movi

Don t forget f
COMMODORE ORUD!

Please call or write with your change of
address 6 to 8 weeks prior to your move so
that you won't miss a single issue!

CW Address Change, P.O. Box 646,

E. Longmeadow, MA 01028
413-525-0023

Issue 25

CREATE A BETTER IMAGE FOR”
: YOURSELF... s

...0n your Commodore 64 or 128 with GoDot, the most powerful image editing tool ever
devised for the Commodore 8-bit platform. GoDot not only converts between many of the
popular Commodore and non-Commodore image formats, but also lets you combine images
in a myriad of ways, and apply special effects. In short, it gives you the tools make the
most awsome images your monitor has ever displayed. Prepare to be creative, to explore
new ideas, and to do the kind of things you thought you'd never do with.a Commodore.

he
minimum system requirements
Commodore 64 or Commodore 128 in 64 mode

g 1541 or most any compatible disk drive
i GoDot takes special advantage of advanced
nN . hardware such as REUs and CMD devices
RAY SurenCPu
e COMPATIBLE
: INS
* < Ss

x ies program creators

ndt Dettke « Wolfgang Kling

distributed in the united states by

aN & of pee Dealers, Inc.

es ph a